不同培养条件对三角褐指藻生长及其生物活性成分积累的影响  

Effects of different culture conditions on growth and accumulation of bioactive compounds by Phaeodactylum tricornutum

作　　者：张文源[1] 高保燕 李爱芬[1] 张成武[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究中心生态学系,广州510632

出　　处：《海洋科学》2016年第5期57-65,共9页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"项目(2013AA065805);国家自然科学基金项目(31170337);广东省低碳专项(2011-051);珠海市科技重大项目(PB20041018);珠海市科技攻关项目(PC20081008)~~

摘　　要：以三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)为研究材料,比较了Na NO3、NH4HCO3和CO(NH2)2为氮源的两种培养基(m L1和ASW培养基)对其生长和生物活性成分(岩藻黄素、金藻昆布糖和二十碳五烯酸(C20:5,EPA))时相积累的影响,同时分析了脂肪酸组成和总脂含量的变化。结果表明:以m L1培养基培养时,三角褐指藻的生物质质量浓度明显高于ASW培养基培养时的生物质质量质量浓度,尿素优于其他两种氮源,最大生物质质量质量浓度为3.7 g/L。不同培养条件下岩藻黄素含量的时相变化规律一致,均随着培养时间的延长呈现先增加后减少的趋势,其最高积累量分别为:13.27 mg/g(Na NO3)、13.23 mg/g(CO(NH2)2)和13.89 mg/g(NH4HCO3)(m L1);13.2 mg/g(Na NO3)、14.92 mg/g(CO(NH2)2)和13.6 mg/g(NH4HCO3)(ASW),由此可知氮源对岩藻黄素积累量影响不大。金藻昆布糖含量随着培养时间延长逐渐增加,其最大积累量分别为9.82 mg/g(NH4HCO3)(m L1)和8.59 mg/g(Na NO3)(ASW)。不同培养条件下其总脂含量变化不显著,均在培养末期达到最大值,分别为24.18%(NH4HCO3)(m L1)和23.79%(Na NO3)(ASW);其主要脂肪酸组成为:豆蔻酸(C14:0)、棕榈酸(C16:0)、棕榈油酸(C16:1)、硬脂酸(C18:0)、油酸(C18:1)、亚油酸(C18:2)、花生一烯酸(C20:1)、木焦油酸(C24:0)和EPA,其中,EPA含量随着培养时间延长逐渐下降,尿素最有利于EPA的积累。In this study, the effects of mL1 and ASW media containing NaNO3, CO（NH2）2, or NH4HCO3 on the growth and accumulation of bioactive compounds [fucoxanthin, chrysolaminaran, and eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA）] by the marine diatomPhaeodactylum tricornutum were investigated; and the total lipid content and fatty acid com-position were analyzed. The results showed that maximum biomass concentration in mL1 medium with urea as the nitrogen source was 3.7 g/L. Fucoxanthin content initially increased and then decreased during culture under dif-ferent conditions, and the highest quantities that accumulated were 13.27 mg/g （NaNO3）, 13.23 mg/g （CO（NH2）2）, and 13.89 mg/g （NH4HCO3） in mL1 medium and 13.2 mg/g （NaNO3）, 14.92 mg/g （CO（NH2）2）, and 13.6 mg/g （NH4HCO3） in ASW medium, indicating that the nitrogen source had a weak effect on fucoxanthin accumulation. Chrysolaminaran content increased gradually during the culture period, and the highest contents were 9.82 mg/g （NH4HCO3） in mL1 and 8.59 mg/g （NaNO3） in ASW on day 15. The total lipid content changed slightly under the different conditions, and the maximum values were 24.18% （NH4HCO3） in mL1 and 23.79% （NaNO3） in ASW, which were observed during the stationary phase. The fatty acid profiles were myristic acid （C14： 0）, palmitic acid （C16： 0）, palmitoleic acid （C16： 1）, stearic acid （C18： 0）, oleic acid （C18： 1）, linoleic acid （C18： 2）, eicosaenoic acid （C20： 1）, tetracosanoic acid （C24： 0）, and EPA （C20： 5）. The EPA content decreased gradually as culture time was extended. Urea was the optimal nitrogen source to accumulate EPA.

关 键 词：三角褐指藻 生物质质量浓度 岩藻黄素 金藻昆布糖 二十碳五烯酸 

分 类 号：Q949.2[生物学—植物学]