山西辽东栎群落优势种群生态位研究  

Niche Characteristcs of Dominant Populations of Quercus Wutaishanica Communities,Shanxi

作　　者：苏智娇 张峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学生命科学学院,太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期505-511,共7页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金(2013011037-1);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2011FY110300)

摘　　要：在野外调查的基础上,应用TWINSPAN将46块山西省辽东栎林样方划分为11个群落类型,并应用Shaanon生态位宽度指数和Pianka生态位重叠指数对山西省辽东栎群落的46个样地中30个主要优势种（包括6种乔木,8种灌木和16种草本植物）的生态位特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）乔木层辽东栎具有最大的生态位宽度,为1.653,灌木层土庄绣线菊生态位最宽,为1.383,草本层披针薹草生态位宽度最宽,为1.503,说明它们具有较好的环境适应性,在竞争中占有优势地位;（2）物种生态位宽度与其频数呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）;（3）乔木层中辽东栎与白桦、油松的重叠值较高,说明它们具有相似的生物学特性。灌木层中土庄绣线菊与美蔷薇重叠值最大,说明它们对相同资源的竞争较大,64.3%的灌木重叠值为0.1~0.3。草本层出现29对的重叠值为0的种对,说明不同草本对相同资源的利用能力不同。Based on the data set from the field investigation,the 46 sampling plots of Quercus wutaishanica forests in Shanxi were divided into 11 community types by TWINSPAN. The niche characteristics of dominant populations of Q. wutaishanica communities, Shanxi, including 6 tree species, 8 shrub species and 16 herb species, were studied by using Shannon index and Pianka. The results showed that： （1） Q. wutaishanica had the widest niche breadth in the tree layer,and its niche index was 1. 653, Spiraea pubescens in the shrub layer,its niche index was 1. 383, and Carex lanceolata in the herb layer＇s,the value of niche index of it reached 1. 503, indicating their bet- ter adaptability to environmental factors over the other competing species. （2） There was a significant positive correlation between the species niche breadth and the species frequency （P〈0.01）. （3） Q. wutaishanica was highly overlapped with Betula platyphylla and Pinus tabuliformis in the tree layer, which suggested the similar biological features among them. In shrub layer, S. pubescens has a higher overlapping with Rosa bella than with the other species, it meant their strong competition for common resource; 64. 3% of the shrubs was overlapping from 0. 1 to 0. 3. However, many species pairs in the herb layer had zero overlapping, it suggested that different herbs might vary in their ability to utilize the same resource.

关 键 词：山西 辽东栎群落 优势种 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]