255例麻疹住院患者流行病学及临床特征  

Epidemiology and Clinical Features of 255 Inpatients With Measles

作　　者：朱小宁 曾建勇[2] 刘家俊[2] 吴晓鹭[2] 刘小斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省厦门市同安区妇幼保健院,福建厦门361100 [2]厦门大学附属第一医院感染科,福建厦门361003

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2016年第13期19-21,共3页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的通过分析本市近6年麻疹住院患者的发病情况及临床特征,为本地区制定消除麻疹的策略及提高该疾病的诊治水平提供依据。方法回顾性收集本市近6年麻疹住院患者的临床资料及疾控中心的麻疹Ig M抗体检测结果,用EXCLE表进行统计分析。结果 2013年我市麻疹住院患者为197例,远超其它年份,呈高发趋势,发病率达到了5.28/10万;患者年龄分布呈现双锋型的特征;临床主要特征为发热,皮疹,咳嗽,腹泻,畏光、流泪,Koplik斑,肝功异常;大部分患者预后良好,少数发展为重症甚至死亡。结论要想达到在本地区消除麻疹的目标,在严格执行国家卫计委现有的方案的同时,应当制定更为有效的策略;麻疹爆发期间应加强婴幼儿被动免疫,临床应当早期诊断及合理治疗。Objective By analyzing the incidence and clinical characteristics of inpatients with measles in our hospital in the past 6 years,the strategy of eliminating measles and improving the level of treatment of the disease were provided.MethodsRetrospectively colected the clinical data of inpatients with measles in our hospital and the measles IgM antibody test results from the CDC. The data were analyzed by EXCLE.Results 197 measles cases were reported with the average annual incidence of 5.28/10 milion in 2013. It was far more than the other years. The age distribution of patients showing the characteristics of double front type. The main clinical features was fever,rash,cough,diarrhea,photophobia,tears,Koplik spots,abnormal liver function. Most patients have a good prognosis,but a smal number of patients developed severe measles and even death.Conclusion In order to achieve the goal of elimination of measles in this area,we must carry out the Planning Commission of the existing schemes and develop a more efective strategy at the same time.

关 键 词：麻疹 麻疹抗体 强化免疫活动 婴幼儿 重型麻疹 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]