黄土水敏性及水致黄土滑坡研究现状与展望  

Advances and prospects of water sensitivity of loess and the induced loess landslides

作　　者：张茂省[1,2] 胡炜[1,2] 孙萍萍[1,2] 王雪莲[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]国土资源部黄土地质灾害重点实验室,西安710054 [2]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,西安710054 [3]长安大学,西安710064

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2016年第4期323-334,共12页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41530640);中国地质调查局地质调查子项目(12120114025701)~~

摘　　要：黄土是具有"水敏性"的特殊土,水是诱发黄土滑坡最积极的因素,黄土水敏性的力学机制及致滑机理已成为黄土地区生态文明建设中迫切需要解决的重大基础问题。本文在搜集大量文献的基础上,将黄土水敏性及水致黄土滑坡研究现状按照黄土水敏性、考虑优势通道的黄土斜坡水分运移规律和刻画方法、水致黄土滑坡失稳力学机制、基于水的黄土滑坡防控关键技术共四方面内容加以总结归纳。建议明确黄土水敏性的概念和内容,以黄土水敏性力学本质为突破口,研究建立基于吸应力理论的黄土水敏性参数和指标体系,开展考虑优势入渗的黄土斜坡稳定性有限元分析,并建立一套基于水的水致黄土滑坡风险防控关键技术体系。Background, aim, and scope Loess is a typical type of soil with high water sensitivity. In the early age of engineering practices in loess areas, however, water sensitivity was unsuitably replaced by the concept ＂collapsibility＂, which shrinks the special features of deformation and strength of loess after interaction with water. Moreover, water is one of the most active factors in inducing loess landslides. The recent outbursting hazards in Tianshui and Yan＇an reveal the severe mitigatioin problems due to shortage of the knowledge of loess water sensitivity. Materials and methods In this study, we reviewed the achievements of studies on water sensitivity of loess and related topics on water-induced loess landslides in four aspects and bring out questions to be solved in future studies. Results Firstly, on the aspect of study on water sensitivity of loess, the angels can be summarized in three groups, including physical microstructure of loess, physico-chemical interaction between soil and water, as well as macroscopic mechanical properties. Researchers across the globe have studied the microstructure of loess mostly via SEM means, most of which were conducted towards collapsing behavior of loess, while seldom studied the changes of microstures under other water sensitive behaviors of loess. In terms of methodology, all of them were done via SEM, which is limited by both the sampling location and human experience. Hence, both the representativeness and reliability are greatly reduced. Furthermore, due to low resolution, traditional CT scanning technique is only able to observe macroscopic cracks while incapable of studying particle and pore scale. Some practice proved that Xray CT scanning capable of constructing three-dimensional micromodel of loess is a worthy trend. The major view about physico-chemical interaction between loess and water is that water dissolves soluble salt in loess, triggering compositional and structural changes and consequently, mechanical property changes. Concerning macroscopic mec

关 键 词：黄土 水敏性 黄土滑坡 研究现状 展望 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]