干旱胁迫对不同耐旱性花生品种生理特性和产量的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Physiological Traits and Yield of Different Drought-tolerant Peanut Varieties

作　　者：熊洁[1] 李书宇[1] 陈伦林[1] 邹小云[1] 宋来强[1] 邹晓芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院作物研究所/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2016年第7期1-5,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江西省农业科学院青年基金(2012CQN013);国家科技支撑计划"红壤耕地次生障碍修复技术研究与集成示范"(2011B AD41B01)

摘　　要：以不同耐旱性花生品种为材料,在人工控水条件下,研究了花针期、结荚期干旱胁迫对花生生理特性、农艺性状和产量的影响,结果表明:不同耐旱性花生品种对干旱的响应不同。在干旱胁迫下,耐旱性品种的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离脯氨酸、MDA、CAT均表现出增加的趋势,株高、单株结果数、单株果仁重、出仁率、单株产量略有下降,分枝长、分枝数、结果枝数略有减少甚至增加;而敏感性品种的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离脯氨酸、CAT略有增加或下降,MDA含量明显增加,各形态指标和产量指标均大幅下降。不同生育期干旱均影响花生品种的生理特性、农艺性状和产量,其中结荚期对花生的影响相对较大,而花针期的影响相对较小。The effects of drought stress at flower-pegging stage and pod-setting stage on the physiological traits,agronomic traits and yield of different drought-tolerant peanut varieties were investigated under artificial water control conditions. The results showed that different drought- tolerant peanut varieties responded differently to the drought stress. Under drought stress,the soluble sugar,soluble protein,free proline and malondialdelyde（ MDA） contents as well as catalase（ CAT） activity of droughttolerant peanut varieties all showed an increasing trend,while their plant height,pod number per plant,kernel weight per plant,kernel rate and pod yield per plant reduced slightly,and branch length,number of branches and number of effective branches slightly decreased or even increased. Under drought stress,the soluble sugar,soluble protein,free proline contents as well as CAT activity of drought-sensitive peanut varieties slightly increased or declined,and their MDA content increased significantly,while various morphological indexes and yield indexes reduced significantly. The drought stress at different growth and developmental stages had certain effects on the physiological traits,agronomic traits and yield of peanut,and the drought stress at podsetting stage had relatively greater effects on these indexes than that at flower-pegging stage.

关 键 词：花生 干旱胁迫 耐旱类型 生理特性 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]