脑室外引流在小儿脑室-腹腔分流管更换术中的作用  

The external ventricular drainage in the ventricular abdominal shunt replacement in children

作　　者：邓高燕 邓志坚 张焯荣 郑永钦 黄间维 邓丽珊 曾悦 

机构地区：[1]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心小儿外科,广东广州510623

出　　处：《分子影像学杂志》2016年第3期215-217,共3页Journal of Molecular Imaging

摘　　要：目的探讨脑室外引流在小儿脑室腹腔分流管更换术中的作用。方法回顾性研究近10年在我院诊治的155例需要更换腹腔分流管更换的患儿,分析脑室外引流对减少术后并发症(出血、感染、堵管)的作用。结果更换脑室腹腔分流管是安全,有效的。105例直接更换脑室腹腔分流管的患儿中,20例发生术后并发症(发生率19%)。另一组病人(50例),拔除原脑室腹腔分流管后,行脑室外引流,待脑脊液正常后再次行脑室-腹腔分流术。脑室外引流能显著减少术后并发症。结论小儿脑室腹腔分流管更换术中,如发现拔管困难、脑脊液浑浊或者出血,放置脑室外引流管,待脑脊液正常后再次行脑室-腹腔分流术,能显著减少术后并发症。Objective To assess the usage of external ventricular drainage in the ventricular abdominal shunt replacement in children.Method We analyzed retrospectively 155 patients who needed ventricular abdominal shunt replacement in the past10 years.And we assessed the effect of external ventricular drainage on postoperative complications,including obstruction,bleeding,and infection.Results The study showed that ventricular abdominal shunt replacement is safe and effective.105 cases had replaced the ventricular abdominal shunt directly,among them 20 patients had postoperative complications（19%）.While in another group who were given external ventricular drainage firstly because of some difficult situations,only one patient had postoperative obstruction.The external ventricular drainage could decrease dramatically the postoperative complications.Conclusion External ventricular drainage placement firstly,and then a new ventricular abdominal shunt placement is safer and could decrease dramatically the postoperative complications in the cases whose shunt pulling was difficult,bleeding or had unclear cerebral spinal fluid.

关 键 词：脑室外引流 脑室-腹腔分流术 颅内出血 颅内感染 小儿 

分 类 号：R726.5[医药卫生—儿科]