最低生活保障制度城乡统筹发展:目标驱动、制度原则与路径构建  

The Coordinated Development of the Urban and Rural Subsistence Security System: Objectives, Principles and Realizations

作　　者：祝建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学政治与公共管理学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第4期26-33,191,共8页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"城市居民家庭的贫困脆弱性及其消减研究"(项目编号:12CSH094);浙江省软科学研究重点项目"最低生活保障制度城乡统筹发展研究"(项目编号:2015C25020);2014年浙江工业大学学术特区计划项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：随着社会救助制度建设的深入,城乡"二元"制的弊端愈加显露,推动最低生活保障制度城乡统筹发展具有重要的理论与现实意义。低保制度城乡统筹发展一方面是实现"基本公共服务均等化"的必然要求,另一方面是回应城乡统筹协调发展的需要。而低保制度城乡统筹发展的目标主要包括间接目标与直接目标。间接目标主要是通过低保制度的城乡统筹发展,逐步实现制度制定、救助标准、保障对象、救助形式、管理体制、资金筹集的规范化运行,实现低保制度的法制化运行,推动社会救助立法,实现社会主义法治社会要求的公平正义。其直接目标则是低保制度自身的协调发展问题,即从低保制度的城乡分割分治到制度统一、标准有别、方法灵活,再到制度和标准城乡统一。低保制度城乡统筹协调发展的原则主要包括法制化、专业化、公平性与协调性原则,在城乡统筹发展的路径问题上,通过"1+X"的模式来规范标准的制定模式,同时需要规范标准制定的工作程序。此外,管理体系简化、工作人员的专业化与专职化,统一的信息化网络等,都是最低生活保障制度城乡统筹发展的具体路径。With the evolvement of the social assistance system, the deficiency of the urban-rural 'dual' system has become more obvious. It is of theoretical and practical significance to promote the urban and rural coordinated development of the the subsistence security system, which, in turn, is a necessary requirement of the equalization of basic public services, and, in the meantime, a response to the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. The system includes indirect and direct objectives. The indirect objectives include the standardization of operation of the design, the rescue standards, the objects, the management system and the funds as well as the legalization of the operation and the social assistance system so as to achieve justice through the coordinated development of the subsistence security system. Its direct objective is the healthy development of itself, namely, the realization of the shift from a dual system to a unified and standardized one. The principles of the coordinated development of the urban and rural subsistence security system mainly include legality, specialization, fairness and harmonization, which can be realized by the model of '1 + X' to regulate standards. The system's realization needs the standardization of working procedures, the simplification of the management system, professional staff and a full-time, unified information network.

关 键 词：城乡统筹 目标 原则 路径 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]