福寿螺密度变化的环境影响因素研究  

Effects of Environment Factors on Density Variation of Pomacea canaliculata

作　　者：段清星[1] 李湘[1] 王本君[1] 刘春红[1] 高霞[1] 敬凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院,生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程研究中心,昆明650500

出　　处：《四川动物》2016年第4期503-510,共8页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：云南省生物多样性保护专项云环通[2013]74号

摘　　要：生物入侵已成为全球重要的环境问题。福寿螺Pomacea canaliculata的入侵对当地农业和湿地生态系统造成了严重危害。入侵地的环境因子对入侵物种的生存至关重要。2015年1—12月,采用样方法对云南省昆明地区景观池塘中的福寿螺密度以及相应的栖息地环境因子进行了调查和测定以研究环境因子对福寿螺密度的影响。结果表明:(1)不同区域的福寿螺密度差异有高度统计学意义,环境因子中植被高度、植被盖度、水面边缘植被宽度、田螺密度、鱼类出现频次的差异有高度统计学意义;水深、水温、p H值和氨氮浓度的差异有统计学意义。(2)福寿螺密度与栖息地中的植被高度、植被盖度、水面边缘植被宽度、水温、p H值、田螺密度呈极显著正相关关系,而与水深、氨氮浓度、鱼类出现频次呈极显著负相关关系。(3)植被盖度、p H值和鱼类出现频次是影响福寿螺密度变化的主要因素。Biological invasion has become a global environmental issue. Invasion of Pomacea canaliculata has great impacts on local agricultural and wetland ecosystems. Environment factors of the invasion site are crucial for the invasive species. Density of the P. canaliculata and the environment factors were investigated to study the effects of the environment factors on the density variation of P. canaliculata by quadrate samples in Kunming,Yunnan province in 2015. The results showed that： 1. There was a significant difference in P. canaliculata densities among the different areas,as well as the environment factors such as vegetation height,vegetation coverage,vegetation width at the waterside,mud snail（ Cipangopaludina cahayensis） density,fish occurrence,water depth,water temperature,p H,and concentration of NH3-N. 2. The density of P. canaliculata was positively related to vegetation height,vegetation coverage,vegetation width at the waterside,water temperature,p H,and mudsnail density,but negatively related to water depth,concentration of NH3-N,and fish occurrence. 3. Vegetation coverage,p H,and fish occurrence played important roles on the density variation of P. canaliculata.

关 键 词：福寿螺 密度变化 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]