考虑延误时间成本的最优路边停车策略研究  

The optimal curbside parking strategies with schedule delay

作　　者：田琼[1] 罗婷[1] 杨丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2016年第7期50-59,共10页Journal of Management Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71071011;71271017;71471010);国家973重大基础研究计划资助项目(2012CB725401)

摘　　要：本文研究了延误时间成本作用下,出行者面对路边停车空位随机分布的寻位策略选择.出行者将做出提前多久出发和提前多远寻位的组合决策,其成本不但包括确定的路上行驶成本,还包括依赖于实时变化路边停车空位分布的延误时间成本和期望寻车成本.依据出行者到达目的地可能的延误状态,区分了三种不同的寻位策略,其中"不早到"策略被证明不可能成为最优选择,而"早停早到"策略和"早停迟到"策略则在不同条件下可能成为最优选择,尤其是单位迟到时间成本小于单位早到时间成本时,"早停迟到"策略是最优停车策略.算例结果支持了模型分析的结论.This paper studies the effect of delay costs on the travelers＇ parking strategy under the random distribution of curbside parking spaces. Travelers have to decide how long in advance they should depart to arrive at the destination and how far away from the destination they should start looking for an available parking space. Their costs include not only the ordinary travel costs, but also expected cruising costs and delay costs depending on the real-time distribution of curbside parking spaces. Then three parking strategies are defined according to their different possible states of the delays when traveler reaches his/her destination. The ＂never- early-arrival＂ strategy is proved to be irrational, while both the ＂early-park-early-arrival＂ strategy and the ＂early-park-late-arrival＂ strategy may be the optimal choice under different conditions. Typically, the ＂early- park-late-arrival＂ strategy is optimal if the unit time penalty of early arrival is no less than that of late arrival. Numerical results support the analytical propositions.

关 键 词：路边停车 延误时间成本 停车策略 寻位成本 

分 类 号：F570[经济管理—产业经济] U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]