模拟人工湿地中植物多样性对氨挥发强度的效应  

Effects of plant diversity on ammonia volatilization in simulated constructed wetlands

作　　者：罗斌[1] 韩文娟[1] 杜园园[1] 唐宇力[2] 陈希[1] 朱康娣 葛滢[1] 常杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310058 [2]杭州市园林文物局钱江管理处,杭州310008

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第8期2094-2100,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470463)资助

摘　　要：氨挥发对于大气雾霾形成有重要贡献,然而在生物多样性-生态系统功能研究中,植物多样性对氨挥发强度的影响尚属空白。本研究进行了模拟人工湿地的微宇宙实验,选用菊苣(Cichorium intybus L.)和羊蹄(Rumex japonicus Houtt.)配置2个单种和1个混种处理(检验多样性效应的基本模式),在模拟污水供给初期(停留时间1天)和后期(停留时间7天)测定了微宇宙的氨挥发通量。结果表明:(1)混种系统氨挥发低于单种系统平均水平(1天:P<0.05;7天:P=0.068);(2)羊蹄单种系统的氨挥发低于菊苣单种系统(1天:P<0.05;7天:P=0.062);(3)相比于污水供给后期,供给初期氮浓度较高时,植物多样性对氨挥发的抑制作用更强;(4)物种特性对系统氨挥发以及相关功能的影响均高于物种丰富度的影响。本研究表明,在人工湿地中配置适当的关键种有利于提高生态系统功能。Ammonia volatilization makes a vital contribution to the formation of atmospheric haze. However, the effect of plant diversity on ammonia volatilization is still unknown in biodiversity- ecosystem functioning researches. This study conducted a microcosm experiment simulating con- structed wetlands. Two species, Cichorium intybus L. and Rumex japonicus Houtt., were used to set two monocuhure treatments and a mixture treatment （the basic model to test diversity effect）. Ammonia volatilization flux was measured in initial stage （with hydraulic retention time of 1 day） and later stage （with hydraulic retention time of 7 days） after the simulated wastewater was sup- plied. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） ammonia volatilization from the mixture treatment was lower than the average of that from the two monocuhures （for 1 day, P〈0.05; for 7 days, P= 0.068） ; （2） ammonia volatilization from R. japonicus monoculture was lower than that from C. intybus monoeulture （for 1 day, P〈0.05; for 7 days, P=0.062） ; （3） plant diversity had a stronger suppression effect on ammonia volatilization in initial stage than that in later stage of wastewater feeding; （4） species identity had a greater effect on ammonia volatilization and related ecosystem functioning than species richness. This study suggests that assemblage of appropriate key species is beneficial to improving the ecosystem functioning in constructed wetlands.

关 键 词：物种丰富度 物种特性 铵态氮浓度 水力停留时间 生物量 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]