平顶闭壳龟和黄额闭壳龟日活动节律与时间分配  

Diurnal activity rhythms and time budgets of Cuora mouhotii and C. galbinifrons

作　　者：龙再忠 汪继超[1] 肖繁荣[1] 史海涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学生命科学学院,海口571158

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第8期2164-2169,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260518;31372228);海南省教育厅项目(hnjgzd2014-08)资助

摘　　要：2015年6—10月,采用瞬时扫描取样法,在海南省吊罗山国家级自然保护区对同域分布的平顶闭壳龟(Cuora mouhotii)与黄额闭壳龟(C.galbinifrons)日活动节律和时间分配进行研究,比较两种闭壳龟日活动节律差异,探究两种闭壳龟资源利用分化模式,揭示两种闭壳龟的野外共存机制。结果显示,平顶闭壳龟和黄额闭壳龟均为昼行性节律,日活动以静息行为为主。平顶闭壳龟的运动行为和摄食行为分别在(06:00—07:00)和(10:00—11:00)有一个高峰期,黄额闭壳龟的摄食行为(13:00—14:00)有一个高峰期,而运动行为有两个高峰期(09:00—10:00和17:00—18:00)。在活动时间分配上,黄额闭壳龟分配在静息行为上的时间多于平顶闭壳龟,而分配在运动行为和摄食行为上的时间少于平顶闭壳龟。比较两种闭壳龟的活动节律,运动行为节律重叠指数较高(Qik=0.78),摄食行为重叠指数较低(Qik=0.38)。研究表明,两物种在利用食物资源上存在时间异质性和分配差异性,达到食物资源的最优利用,实现两者的稳定共存。The present study investigated daily activity and time budgets of two Chinese turtles, Cuora mouhotii and C. galbinifrons, to test how the diurnal cycles of closely related species sha- ring the same environment were affected by interspecific competition. Instantaneous scan sampling was conducted at Diaoluoshan village, Diaoluo Nature Reserve, Hainan Island, China, from June to October 2015. The results showed that both species were diurnal, spent most of their time resting, and had limited movement and feeding time. For C. mouhotii, only one peak activity pe- riod was observed for both movement （06：00-07：00 AM） and feeding （ 10：00-11：00 AM）. In contrast, C. galbinifrons exhibited one feeding peak （01：00-02：00 PM）, but two peak periods for movement （09：00-10：00 AM and 05：00-06：00 PM）. Moreover, C. galbinifrons spent con- siderably more time resting than C. mouhotii and less time moving and feeding. The coefficient of overlap was 0.78 for moving and 0.38 for feeding. These results indicate that although these two species live in the same distribution area, they can adopt suitable strategies for foraging and feed- ing in order to exploit food resources with minimal temporal overlap, which is advantageous to both species.

关 键 词：平顶闭壳龟 黄额闭壳龟 日活动节律 时间分配 种间竞争 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]