水环境中不同Ca^2＋浓度对青海湖裸鲤(Gymnocypris przewalskii)幼鱼生存生长的影响  

Effects of Ca^(2+) concentration in water on the survival and growth of juvenile Gymnocypris przewalskii

作　　者：刘亚静[1,2] 么宗利[1] 来琦芳[1] 周凯[1] 韩贻龙[1] 王慧[1] 高鹏程 仲启铖[1] 郑亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,中国水产科学研究院盐碱水域渔业工程技术研究中心(上海),上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第8期2189-2195,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所)(2012M05);上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(14ZR1449800)资助

摘　　要：作为典型的盐碱湖泊,青海湖水钙离子浓度仅为同盐度海水的1/10。本试验采用单因子静态急性毒性和室内生长试验方法,研究了不同Ca2+浓度对青海湖裸鲤(Gymnocypris przewalskii)幼鱼生存和生长的影响,以期了解适宜青海湖裸鲤幼鱼生长的钙离子浓度范围。结果表明:在Ca2+浓度为0~2431.10 mg·L-1(约为同盐度海水值的0~20倍)水体中,96 h内青海湖裸鲤幼鱼100%存活;在为期60 d的生长试验中,高Ca2+浓度组(1246.02±9.83)mg·L-1与低Ca2+浓度组(10.83±0.11)mg·L-1青海湖裸鲤幼鱼存活率均在95%以上,而体长、体重、体长绝对生长率、体重绝对生长率和特定生长率均显著低于对照组(120.65±1.62)mg·L-1(P<0.05),各指标的排列顺序依次为:高Ca2+浓度组<低Ca2+浓度组<对照组,高Ca2+浓度组的特定生长率仅为对照组的54.62%。综上所述,青海湖裸鲤幼鱼可耐受的Ca2+范围较广,但过低或过高的Ca2+浓度均会导致青海湖裸鲤生长缓慢,且高Ca2+浓度抑制效果更为明显。Lake Qinghai, a typical saline-alkaline water body, has a low calcium concentration, which is only 1/10 of the seawater with same salinity. The static acute toxicity test and laboratory growth experiment were conducted to explore the effect of Ca^2＋ concentrations on the survival and growth of juvenile @mnocypris przewalskii. The results showed that 100% of the juveniles G. prze- walskii survived in water of Ca^2＋ concentration from 0 to 2431.10 mg ·L^-1 in 96 h. In the 60 d growth experiment, juveniles G. przewalskii in both the high Ca^2＋ group （the concentration of Ca^2＋ was （1246.02±9.83） mg·L^-1） and low Ca^2＋ group （10.83±0.11） mg·L^-1 had a signifi- cantly lower body length, body weight, absolute growth rate of body length, and absolute growth rate and specific growth rate of body weight than the control group （with Ca^2＋ concentration of （120.65±1.62） mg·L^-1 , although their survival rates were higher than 95%. All the indicators measured were ranked as high Ca^2＋ group 〈 low Ca^2＋ group 〈 control group. The growth index was reduced more obviously in the high Ca^2＋ group and the specific growth rate was only 54.62% of that in the control group. In conclusion, G. przewalskii can survive in water with a wide range of Ca^2＋ concentration, but high or low Ca^2＋ concentration would lead to poor growth performance of G. przewalskii, especially in high Ca^2＋ concentration.

关 键 词：青海湖裸鲤 CA^2+浓度 生存 生长 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]