创伤救治中早期低分子肝素钠抗凝治疗预防静脉血栓栓塞的有效性及安全性  被引量:17

Efficacy and safety of early low-molecular-weight heparin sodium in prevention of posttraumatic venous thromboembolism

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作  者:艾山木[1] 祁海峰[2] 敬慧丹 刘琼[1] 蒋东坡[2] 

机构地区:[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院急诊医学科,400016 [2]第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所重症医学科

出  处:《中华创伤杂志》2016年第8期730-734,共5页Chinese Journal of Trauma

摘  要:目的评估创伤后早期使用低分子肝素钠抗凝治疗对预防静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)的有效性及安全性。方法选择2013年3月-2014年5月收治的120例严重创伤患者,按随机数字表法分为常规治疗组和抗凝治疗组,每组分别为60例。常规治疗组给予物理措施预防VTE,抗凝治疗组在常规治疗组基础上,于出血基本停止后加用低分子肝素钠治疗。分别监测两组VTE发生率及失血指数、出血相关并发症、肝素诱导血小板减少症(HIT)发生率、凝血功能等安全性指标。结果两组共发生VTE13例,其中常规治疗组10例(17%),抗凝治疗组3例(5%)(P〈0.05)。常规治疗组和抗凝治疗组失血指数分别为1.252±1.033和1.447±1.196,发生消化道出血分别为2例(3%)和5例(8%),发生伤口创面出血分别为5例(8%)和8例(13%)(P〉0.05)。抗凝组无HIT发生。在评估终点时,两组凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(AP'IT)、D一二聚体(D—D)变化差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。常规治疗组和抗凝治疗组国际标准化比值(INR)分别为0.97±0.10和1.03±0.17(P〈0.05),纤维蛋白原(FIB)分别为(4.85±1.37)g/L和(4.01±1.16)g/L(P〈0.05),血小板(PLT)分别为(317.68±141.71)×10^9/L和(422.204-178.16)×10^9/L(P〈0.05)。结论创伤后早期于出血基本停止时选用低分子肝素钠抗凝治疗可显著降低VTE的发生率,且不增加出血风险。Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of early anticoagulation therapy using low-molecular-weight heparin sodium against venous thromboembolism (VTE) in traumatic patients. Methods A total of 120 severely traumatized patients were assigned to convention group (n = 60) and anticoagulation group ( n = 60 ) according to the random number table. Patients in convention group were given physical therapy against VTE , while in anticoagulation group were given add-on low-molecular- weight heparin sodium against VTE once the stopping of blood bleeding was achieved. Safety parameters were recorded including VTE incidence, blood loss indexes, hemoIThage-related complications, incidence of heparin-induced thrombopenia (HIT) and blood coagulation function indicators. Results Thirteen patients presented with VTE, with 10 patients ( 17% ) in convention group versus 3 patients ( 5% ) in anticoagulation group (P 〈 0.05 ). Blood loss index in convention group was 1. 252 ± 1. 033 versus 1.447 ± 1. 196 in anticoagulation group; two patients (3%) developed gastrointestinal bleeding in convention group versus five patients (8%) in anticoagulation group; five patients (8%) had wound bleeding in convention group versus eight patients (13%) in anticoagulation group (all P 〉0.05). HIT was not noted in antieoagulation group. At the endpoint of evaluation, no significant differences were noted between the two groups with regard to changes in prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APT~) and D-dimers (P 〉0.05) ; however, convention group versus anticoagulation group showed significant differences in international normalized ratio (INR) (0.97 ±0. 10 vs. 1.03 ±0.17) , fibrin (Fib)[(4.85±1.37)g/L vs. (4.01 ±1.16)g/L] and platelet (PLT) [(317.68± 141.71) ×10^9/L vs. (422.20±178.16) ×109/L] (P〈0.05). Conclusion In the early stage of trauma, low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulation therapy can signific

关 键 词:静脉血栓栓塞 创伤和损伤 抗凝药 肝素 低分子量 

分 类 号:R641[医药卫生—外科学]

 

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