凤冈县农村学龄儿童运动伤害现况及危险因素分析  

An analysis of sport injuries status and risk factors in rural school children in Fenggang County

作　　者：惠亚 杨华君[1] 施尚鹏 曹博玲[1] 祁永红[1] 石修权[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,贵州遵义563099

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2016年第7期679-682,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81160350);贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长专项资金(黔省专合字[2011]55号)

摘　　要：目的了解遵义市凤冈县农村学龄儿童运动伤害现状及危险因素,为制定相关预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样抽取遵义市凤冈县三所中小学四至七年级学生共465名,用自制问卷调查近一年运动伤害发生情况。结果凤冈县农村儿童运动伤害年发生率为18.71%,男童高于女童(22.63%vs14.41%);七年级儿童运动伤害发生率最高为29.28%,五年级最低为7.76%;留守儿童高于非留守儿童(22.26%vs 12.20%);住校儿童高于走读儿童(24.53%vs 13.83%);伤害时的主要活动是奔跑(33.33%);损伤类型主要是擦伤(40.23%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:运动前未热身(OR=3.834,95%CI:1.362~10.792),无人陪护(OR=2.403,95%CI:3.742~30.616),在水泥地板上运动(OR=4.175,95%CI:1.457~11.964),穿皮鞋(OR=7.301,95%CI:1.736~30.705)或者凉鞋(OR=4.316,95%CI:1.245~14.966)是伤害发生的危险因素。关于"扭伤后冷敷",未发生伤害儿童的知晓率高于发生伤害儿童(x^2=5.36,P=0.021),其它问题的知晓率差异无统计学意义(均有P>0.05)。结论凤冈县农村儿童运动伤发生的危险因素较为明确,应给予针对性的干预措施,从而降低伤害发生率。Objective To explore the situation of the sports-related unintentional injuries of the school-aged chil- dren in Fenggang county, Zunyi city, and to provide the basic evidence for the sports injury prevention strategy. Methods A total of 465 students from primary and secondary schools of grade 4 to grade 7 were recruited by multi-stage cluster random sampling, then self-designed questionnaires of children sports injuries were used to conduct a survey to collect the condition about general characters, family, school situation, sports injuries in a recent year and related knowledge about sports injuries. Results The unintentional injury annual incidence of school children in Fenggang county was 18.71% , and boys was higher than girls（22.63% vs 14.41% ）. The highest incidence of the children＇s sports injuries was 29. 28% in Grade 7 ; the lowest was 7.76% in Grade 5. The incidence of injuries in the left-behind children was significantly higher than that in un-left-behind children（22. 26% vs 12. 20% ）. The incidence of injuries of boarder was significantly higher than day pupils（24. 53% vs 13.83% ）. The main injury action was running（33.33% ）. The main types of injuries were bruises （40. 23% ）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that “not warm up before exercise”（ OR = 3. 834,95% CI： 1. 362-10. 792） ,“without accompany”（ OR = 2. 403,95% CI： 3. 742-30. 616 ） ,“ movement in the concrete board” （ OR = 4. 175,95% CI：1. 457-11. 964） and“leather shoes（ OR =7. 301,95% CI： 1. 736-30. 705 ） or sandals（ OR =4. 316,95% CI： 1. 245-14. 966）” were the risk factors for sports-related injuries. Except awareness rate on the item of “cold compress after a sprained” was higher in non-injured children than that of the injured children （χ2 = 5.36, P = 0. 021 ）, there was no difference in other issues （ all P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The risk factors of sports injury is relatively clear among rural children in Fenggang country, and reasonable i

关 键 词：儿童 运动伤害 危险因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]