集中水流冲刷条件下土石混合崩积物坡面产沙特征  

Feature of Sediment Yield on Soil-rock Mixed Colluvial Soil Slope under Concentrated Flow

作　　者：陈培济 黄炎和[1] 蒋芳市[1] 林金石[1] 詹振芝 胡安东[1] 黄清瑜 申芳芳[1] 陈泽文[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福州350002

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第3期49-54,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41001169;41571272);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD15B0303)

摘　　要：通过室内人工放水冲刷试验,探究不同流量（2L/min,4L/min,8L/min,16L/min）和砾石含量（0%,20%,40%,60%）条件下,土石混合崩积物坡面产沙特征。结果表明：各条件下产沙过程均呈先增大后减小再趋于稳定的趋势。产沙量随着流量的增大而增大,而含沙量随流量的增大总体呈减小的趋势;在2L/min和4L/min条件下,产沙量及含沙量随着砾石含量的增大呈先减小后增大的趋势,存在临界砾石含量（20%-40%）;在8L/min和16L/min条件下,产沙量及含沙量随着砾石含量的增大而增大。产沙率与含沙量的关系表明,含石量对产沙的影响存在临界含石量（20%-40%）。砾石含量和流量可以用来很好地预测土石混合崩积物的产沙率,但对含沙量的预测效果较差。流量对产沙率及含沙量的影响均大于砾石含量。The soil-rock mixed colluvial slope was selected to study the feature of sediment yield that was affected by four gravel contents （0%,20%,40%,60%） and four discharges （2 L/min,4 L/min,8 L/min,16 L/min） in indoor artificial runoff experimental condition. The results showed that. The process of sediment yield indicated that the sediment yield overall increased first, and then decreased, reached a steady finally with erosion duration. Sediment volume increased with increasing discharge, whereas sediment concentration decreased with increasing discharge, sediment volume and sediment concentration firstly decreased and then increased with increasing gravel content at the discharges of 2 L/rain and 4 L/min, existing critical gravel content （20%-40%）, but sediment yield and sediment concentration increased with increasing gravel content at the discharges of 8 L/min and 16 L/min. According to the relationship between sediment yield rate and sediment concentration, it indicated that the effect of gravel content on sediment yield existed critical gravel content （20%-40%）. Gravel content and discharge could be used to predict sediment yield rate of soil-gravel mixed colluvial slope correctly, but prediction for sediment concentration was poorer. The effects of discharge on sediment yield rate and sediment concentration were higher than gravel content.

关 键 词：崩岗崩积体 土石混合物 集中水流 土壤侵蚀 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]