北京市交通环境春季大气氨污染水平分析  

Atmospheric ammonia pollution in the traffic environment of Beijing city in spring

作　　者：程刚[1,2] 李金香[1,2] 王欣[1,2] 李云婷[1,2] 张大伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护监测中心,北京100048 [2]大气颗粒物监测技术北京市重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2016年第8期2803-2810,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：北京大气氨排放特征及控制对策研究(No.Z131100001113029)~~

摘　　要：当前,机动车作为大气PM_(2.5)的重要污染源,越来越受到人们的关注.机动车运行中产生的氨气能与大气中的酸性气体相结合,形成二次污染物,也是PM_(2.5)的重要组成成分.因此,为监测北京市交通环境中大气氨的排放情况,探索交通环境氨浓度与机动车运行情况以及大气环境等因素间的关系,本实验在通过对学院路(北航东门天桥下)和城市环境点(北京市环境保护监测中心楼顶)采用DOAS仪器对大气中氨的浓度进行持续2个月的观测.通过对监测数据的分析得到学院路空气中氨的总体浓度水平(日平均浓度24.39μg·m-3)高于城市环境点(日平均浓度17.80μg·m-3).从相关性分析可以看出,NH3与PM_(2.5)、NO、CO、NO2相关性较高,与PM10、SO_2相关性较弱.而对氨和交通流量和流速的分析得到,NH3浓度与车流量和车速关系密切,随着车流量的增加,大气中NH3的浓度也在不断增加.车速越高,NH3的浓度越低.As an important source of atmospheric PM2.5,vehicle emission has drawn great attention.Ammonia（NH3） generated from vehicles can react with the acidic gases in the atmosphere to produce ammonium salt,which accounts for a significant fraction of PM2.5.To understand the emission of atmospheric NH3 in the traffic environment of Beijing City,a two-month observatory experiment was conducted to collect NH3 concentration and related traffic data.The relationships between NH3 and vehicle operation conditions as well as atmospheric and environmental factors were discovered.One observation site was located in a typical traffic environment close to the eastern gate of Bei Hang University（BH）,the other one on the top of the sevenfloor building in a typical downtown environment（BMEMC）.One DOAS instrument was mounted at each of the two observation sites.The analytical result showed that the 24-hr NH3 concentration of 24.39 μg·m-3at the BH site was higher than that at the BMEMC site（17.80 μg·m-3）.The correlation analysis indicated that NH3 concentration was well correlated with the concentrations of PM2.5,NO,CO and NO2,but only weakly correlated with the concentrations of PM10 and SO_2.The statistical analysis proved that NH3 concentration had a close relationship with the vehicle conditions：the atmospheric NH3 concentration increased with the vehicle flow while decreased with the traffic speed.

关 键 词：DOAS 氨 交通环境 监测 相关性分析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]