广西珍珠湾表层沉积硅藻分布特征  

Characterastics of Surface Sediments Diatom Distribution in Zhenzhu Bay of Guangxi

作　　者：黄玥[1,2] 黄元辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源环境与地球科学学院,云南昆明650504 [2]云南大学喀斯特国际研究中心,云南昆明650504 [3]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2016年第3期411-420,共10页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目--北部湾北部中全新世硅藻及气候变化研究(41306067)

摘　　要：在广西珍珠湾16个表层沉积物站位取样并对其中硅藻进行分析,鉴定出硅藻131种,分属44属。其中Cocconeis disculus是研究区域内数量最多的硅藻种类。多元分析结果表明,珍珠湾沉积硅藻分布主要受到海水盐度的控制,其中Achnanthes spp.(主要包括A.delicatula,A.fugei,A.hauckiana和A.levanderi),Amphoraspp.(主要包括A.delicatissima,A.exigua,A.eximia,A.holsatica和A.normanii)和Nitzschia ovalis可以作为低盐度海水环境的指示种;Cocconeis disculus多集中分布于海水盐度适中的海域;Cyclotella striata/C.stylorum,Thalassiosiraspp.(主要包括T.eccentrica,T.leptopus和T.oestrupii)和Thalassionema nitzschioides则可以很好地指示高盐度环境。陆上淡水河流对珍珠湾表层沉积硅藻组合的影响不大,人类活动则是沿岸淡水硅藻种类繁多的主要原因。珍珠湾16个表层沉积站位可划分为3个硅藻分布区,分别对应高低不同的海水盐度,与实际站位地理环境条件基本一致。Sixteen surface sediments diatoms were studied from Zhenzhu Bay of Guangxi.A total of 131 species belonging to 44 genera was identified of which Cocconeis disculus got the highest abundance.The results of mutianalysis indicated that the diatom assemblage was mainly affected by sea-surface salinity.Achnanthes spp.（mainly consists of A.delicatula,A.fugei,A.hauckianaand A.levanderi）,Amphora spp.（mainly includes A.delicatissima,A.exigua,A.eximia,A.holsatica and A.normanii）and Nitzschia ovalis were being the good indicators of low sea-surface salinity,Cocconeis disculus was always found in the brackish areas,while Cyclotella striata/C.stylorum,Thalassiosiraspp.（mainly consists of T.eccentrica,T.leptopus and T.oestrupii）and Thalassionema nitzschioides could be used as index for high sea-surface salinity.The surface diatom assemblage was rarely influenced by the fresh water on land.Whereas,the abundance of fresh water diatoms along the shore was mainly affected by the human activities.Sixteen surface sediments diatoms could be divided into three diatom zones,corresponding to the different sea-surface salinity which closely mapped to their actual regional distribution.

关 键 词：珍珠湾 表层沉积 硅藻 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]