自体输血技术在单侧初次全膝关节置换术中的应用体会  

Autologous Blood Transfusion Technology in the Application of Unilateral Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty

作　　者：柯铭锋[1] 陈小雁[1] 林久灶[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属教学医院宁德市医院,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2016年第23期52-55,共4页Medical Innovation of China

摘　　要：目的:分析探讨自体输血技术在单侧初次膝关节置换术中使用的临床价值及相关因素。方法:选取本院骨科2011年1月-2015年8月收治入院的行单侧初次膝关节置换术患者90例,随机分为观察组45例和对照组45例,对照组术前不采自体血,观察组术前采自体血。分析对比两组患者手术中及术后的出血和输血情况。结果:对照组患者术前均未采血,术后39例患者需输血,观察组患者术前自体采血,术后5例患者需输血,两组患者术后输血例数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后血液检测结果及凝血时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者出现头晕、乏力等症状,但症状较轻,均自行缓解;对照组术后输血患者有14例出现轻微的输血反应,表现为胸闷、心悸、皮肤瘙痒。结论:自体输血技术的应用,能有效减少输异体血发生的输血反应和经血液传播的疾病,同时还能刺激红细胞再生,提高患者造血速度,且术前采集自体血费用低廉,减少住院费用,适合在现血源紧张的医疗环境下推广和使用。Objective：To analyze the clinical value and related factors of autologous blood transfusion in the treatment of unilateral primary knee arthroplasty.Method：From January 2011 to August 2015,90 patients who were treated first-line with unilateral knee replacement in our hospital and they were selected as study objects, 90 cases were randomly divided into two groups,the control group（n=45） without preoperative autologous blood collected,the observation group（n=45） collected preoperative autologous blood. Two groups of patients in surgery and postoperative bleeding and blood transfusion were analyzed and compared.Result：The control group was not blood before surgery,39 patients after blood transfusion,preoperative autologous blood was taken in the observation group,5 patients required blood transfusion after surgery.The number of post-transfusion contrast after 〈br〉 surgery was compared,the difference had statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Two groups of patients after surgery blood test results contrast and blood clotting time had significant differences（P〈0.05）.The observation group were dizziness,fatigue and other symptoms,but mild symptoms,they were spontaneous remission.Postoperative blood transfusion in the control group,14 patients had mild transfusion reaction,chest tightness, palpitation, pruritus.Conclusion：The application of autologous blood transfusion technology, can effectively reduce the occurrence of allogeneic blood transfusion reaction and disease spread via blood,but also stimulate red blood cell regeneration,improve hematopoietic speed.Preoperative autologous blood collection and low cost,reduce the cost of hospitalization.Suitable for promotion and the lack of blood in medical environment.

关 键 词：自体输血 膝关节置换 单侧 

分 类 号：R687.4[医药卫生—骨科学]