复播大豆光合特性、干物质积累分配及产量对土壤耕作方式的响应  

Influences of Photosynthetic Characteristics,Acumulation Distribution and Yield of Dry Matter Summer Soybean on Soil Tillage Method

作　　者：陈传信[1] 唐江华[1] 罗家祥 王娜 李亚杰[1] 苏丽丽[1] 徐文修[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆伊宁县农业技术推广中心,伊宁835100

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2016年第2期94-99,共6页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260312);新疆维吾尔自治区科技特派员项目

摘　　要：为了探索北疆滴灌条件下复播大豆高产耕作方式,2013-2014年在新疆伊宁县农业科技示范园研究了翻耕覆膜、翻耕、旋耕、免耕4种耕作方式对复播大豆光合特性、干物质积累与分配及对产量的影响。结果表明,各处理大豆植株叶面积指数(LAI)、光合势(LAD)、叶绿素值(SPAD)、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)等光合特性均表现出翻耕覆膜>翻耕>旋耕>免耕,其中翻耕覆膜处理的LAI、LAD、SPAD、Pn、Tr两年均值分别比免耕处理的依次增加54.95%、54.55%、9.11%、41.81%、37.46%。干物质积累量均表现出翻耕覆膜>翻耕>旋耕>免耕的变化规律,且翻耕覆膜处理的产量最高,其两年平均单产为2 082.69kg/hm^2,分别比翻耕、旋耕、免耕处理两年的平均值提高9.87%、16.71%、20.82%。在本研究条件下,翻耕覆膜是北疆滴灌复播大豆获取高产的土壤耕作方式。In order to explore suitable tillage methods with high yield of summer soybean under circumstances of drip irrigation in north Xinjiang,a two-year experiment was conducted to study the effects of four tillage methods：plowing tillage,plowing,rotary tillage,no-tillage on photosynthetic characters,accumulation and distribution of dry matter and yield of summer soybean.The results showed that：the leaf area index（LAI）,photosynthetic potential（LAD）,chlorophyll content（SPAD）,net photosynthetic rate（Pn）and transpiration rate（Tr）of summer soybean in two years under different treatments,were all presented a trend of plowing tillageplowingrotary tillageno-tillage,and the LAI,LAD,SPAD,Pn and Tr of plowing tillage were increased by 54.95%,54.55%,9.11%,41.81% and 37.46%,dry matter accumulation in both vegetative organs and reproductive organs were also shown a variation plowing tillagetillagerotary tillageno-tillage,with the average highest yield of 2 082.69kg/hm^2 on plowing tillage in two years,which were higher by 9.87%,16.71% and 20.82%than plowing,rotary tillage and no-tillage respectively,thus,plowing tillage was the best choice for its modest yield in four tillage methods of summer soybean under circumstances of drip irrigation in north Xinjiang.

关 键 词：耕作方式 复播大豆 光合特性 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]