干旱胁迫对冬小麦幼苗叶片光合生理特性的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthetic Physiology Characteristics in Winter Wheat Seedling Leaves

作　　者：张庆琛[1,2] 郑少萌 刘应敏[2,3] 裴冬丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南粮食作物协同创新中心,河南郑州450002 [2]商丘师范学院植物与微生物互作重点实验室,河南商丘476000 [3]新疆农业大学林业研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2016年第8期1077-1082,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31571997)

摘　　要：为了解冬小麦幼苗叶片光合生理指标对干旱胁迫的响应,以周麦22为材料,研究了20%PEG-6000持续胁迫以及复水对小麦幼苗叶片的光合作用、光合关键酶和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,随着干旱的持续,与对照组相比,干旱组小麦幼苗叶片的叶绿素(a+b),叶绿素a/叶绿素b,Rubisco活性及生物量均下降,根冠比增加;净光合速率及PEPC,PPDK,NADP-ME,SOD,CAT,APX,POD活性均呈先升后降趋势,最大增幅分别为18.4%(处理1 d),77.6%(处理1 d),79.2%(处理3 d),69.2%(处理1 d),155.6%(处理3 d),71.6%(处理3 d),129.4%(处理3 d),143.5%(处理1 d),复水3 d各参数均有所恢复。说明短期干旱胁迫诱导冬小麦幼苗叶片的C4途径光合酶活性的高表达,部分补偿了Rubisco活性下降对光合固碳造成的不利影响;诱导抗氧化酶活性的增加,有效增强了活性氧清除能力,减轻了氧化带来的伤害;C4途径光合酶可能在冬小麦耐旱生理机制中起着重要作用。To understand the effects of drought stress on photosynthetic physiology parameters of winter wheat seedling leaves, this paper took Zhoumai 22 as material, and analyzed the effect of 20% PEG-6000 last for 7 days and re-water to the photosynthesis, the key photosynthetic enzymes and antioxidase activities of winter wheat seedling leaves. The result showed that as drought stress continuing,compared with the control, the Chl（a＋b）, Chla/Chlb, Rubisco activity and biomass all declined of wheat seedling leaves in the drought group, while the radio of root to shoot dry weight increased. Net photosynthetic rate and the enzymes activities in the leaves all showed a rise first followed by a decline. The maximum increase of net photosynthetic rate was 18.4% in one day after drought treatment, the activities of PEPC, PPDK, NADP-ME, SOD, CAT, APX and POD was 77.6%（1 d）,79.2%（3 d）,69.2%（1 d）,155.6%（3 d）,71.6%（3 d）,129.4%（3 d）,143.5%（1 d）, respectively. All of the parameters were restored in 3 days after re-water. These results indicated that short-term drought stress could enhance the activity of C4 pathway photosynthetic enzymes and it could partial offset the negative influence to photosynthetic carbon fixation with the decreasing of the Rubisco activity. It could increase the activity of antioxidases. The ability in clearing up active oxygen were effectively enhanced and could use it to reduce the harm of oxidation. C4 pathway enzymes might play an important role in physiological mechanism of drought-resistant of winter wheat seedlings.

关 键 词：冬小麦 幼苗 干旱胁迫 气体交换参数 光合酶 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]