小麦矮秆种质SN224的鉴定及农艺性状QTL分析  

Identification of Dwarfing Wheat Germplasm SN224 and Analysis of QTLs for Its Agronomic Traits

作　　者：王鑫[1,2] 马莹雪[1,2] 杨阳[1,2] 王丹峰[1] 殷慧娟[1] 王洪刚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018 [2]国家小麦改良中心泰安分中心,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《作物学报》2016年第8期1134-1142,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD01B02-8)资助~~

摘　　要：SN224是从六倍体小黑麦与普通小麦杂种后代选育的矮秆小麦种质,为对其有效利用提供参考依据,本研究对其进行了细胞学和主要农艺性状的鉴定,对矮秆性状的遗传特点进行了分析。结果表明,SN224平均株高68.6 cm,株型较紧凑,纺锤穗、有芒、白粒,千粒重42.0 g左右,中抗条锈病和白粉病,后期不早衰,综合农艺性状较好;SN224根尖细胞染色体数目为42条,花粉母细胞减数分裂MI可观察到21个二价体,为1BL?1RS易位系;SN224/辉县红杂种F1株高介于双亲之间,F2群体的株高分离表现连续变异。利用已知主效矮秆基因Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8以及1RS的特异分子标记检测证明,SN224不含有3个矮秆主效基因,1RS对SN224矮秆性状的表达没有影响。利用SN224/辉县红F2群体,构建了含有134个标记的分子标记连锁遗传图谱,总长1332.1 c M。采用加性-完备区间作图法(ICIM-ADD)进行QTL分析,检测到2个降低株高的主效QTL QPh1B和QPh4B,分别位于1B染色体Xwmc719–Xgwm18和4B染色体Xgwm368–Xmag4284标记区间,它们可分别解释株高变异的20.0%和10.2%;检测到分别控制穗长、单株穗数和每穗小穗数的7个QTL;在4B染色体KSUM062–Xmag4284标记区间同时检测到降低株高、增加穗长和单株穗数的QTL。SN224 is a dwarfing wheat line derived from the cross between hexaploid triticale（AABBRR, 2n = 6x） and common wheat（AABBDD, 2n = 6x）. We evaluated its cytologic characteristic and main agronomic traits, and analyzed the genetic basis of dwarfing trait in order to use the germplasm in wheat breeding program. This white-grain wheat had compact plant type, spindle-shaped panicle and moderate resistance to powdery mildew（Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt） and stripe rust（Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst）. There were 42 chromosomes in root tip cells, showing 21 bivalents in pollen mother cells. FISH confirmed that SN224 was a 1BL·1RS translocation line. The plant height was between two parents of F1 from a cross between SN224 and Huixianhong and distributed continuously and normally in F2 population. The detection of specific molecular marker for genes Rht-B1 b, Rht-D1 b, and Rht8 indicated that this line had none of the three dwarfing genes. In the meantime, the introduction of 1RS had no obvious effect on plant height. The F2 population was used to construct a genetic linkage map containing 134 SSR markers which covered a total length of 1332.1 c M. Two major dwarfing QTLs on chromosomes 1B and 4B were detected by additive-inclusive composite interval mapping（ICIM-ADD）. QPh1 B and QPh4 B, located in the Xwmc719–Xgwm18 and Xgwm368–Xmag4284 intervals, explained 20.0% and 10.2% of phenotypic variation, respectively. Seven QTLs controlling ear length, panicle number per plant, and kernel number per spike were detected. The QTL in KSUM062–Xmag4284 interval contributed to decrease plant height, increase ear length and panicle number per plant.

关 键 词：普通小麦–黑麦易位系 农艺性状 细胞学鉴定 QTL定位 矮秆基因 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]