洞庭湖鱼类群落结构和生物多样性分析  

Analysis on Community Structure and Biodiversity of Fish in Dongting Lake

作　　者：杨喜生[1] 齐增湘[1] 李涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学设计与艺术学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2016年第17期117-119,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省科技厅重点研发项目(2015SK20031)

摘　　要：[目的]对洞庭湖鱼类群落结构及生物多样性进行分析。[方法]通过对洞庭湖鱼类资源进行初步调查，并对洞庭湖鱼种类情况、鱼类生物量情况、优势鱼类情况以及鱼类多样性情况进行了分析。[结果]洞庭湖各区域鱼类物种数量均相差不大，其生物量最多的是鲤鱼。洞庭湖优势种鱼类比例依次为鲤科、鮠科、鮨科、鳅科。洞庭湖鱼类Shannon－Wiener（H1）指数的变化范围为1．681～2．511，丰富度（R）指数的变化范围为1．851～2．584，Pielou（J′）指数的变化范围为0．581～0．879。相关性分析表明，洞庭湖鱼类Shannon－Wiener （H1）指数与丰富度（R）指数、Shannon－Wiener（H1）指数与Pielou（J′）指数均呈高度相关性。[结论]该研究结果可为洞庭湖的生态修复提供理论基础。Objective] The aim was to analyze community structure and biodiversity of fish in Dongting Lake.[Method] Fish resources in Dongting Lake was investigated, fish species, fish biomass, dominant species and diversity were analyzed.[Result] The results showed that the number of fish species in all areas of Dongting Lake were not quite different , and the largest biomass was carp.The dominant fish species in Dongting Lake were Cyprinidae, Bagridae, Serranidae, Cobitidae.The variation range of the Shannon-Wiener （H1 ） index of the Dongting Lake fish was between 1.681-2.511, the range of richness （R） index was between 1.851-2.584, and the variation range of Pielou（J′）index was between 0.581-0.879.The correlation analysis showed that the Shannon-Wiener （H1） index and richness （R） index, Shannon-Wiener （H1） index and Pielou（J′） index were all highly correlated.[Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical basis for ecological restoration of Dongting Lake.

关 键 词：洞庭湖 鱼类 群落结构 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]