PM2.5对上海市城区某社区居民血压影响的定组研究  

The impact of ambient fine particulate matter on the blood pressure of an urban population in Shanghai, China： a panel study

作　　者：徐文玺[1,2] 陈仁杰[1] 阚海东[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生教研室,上海200032 [2]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心环境与职业、放射卫生科

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2016年第8期716-720,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划（2011CB503802）;上海市卫生局科研课题（20124406）

摘　　要：目的 研究PM2.5对上海市城区某社区居民血压的影响。方法 采用定组研究方法，于2014年5月27日至7月5日，在上海市城区某社区现场招募社区中老年居民。纳入50~80岁、常住本社区5年以上、身体活动能力较好者；排除正在吸烟、戒烟3年以上、被动吸烟（共同生活的家人吸烟）、饮酒、有严重的心肺系统疾病、正患有感染或变应性疾病者。共纳入调查对象28名。调查年龄、性别、身高、体重、教育、收入、慢性病患病情况。并每周测量1次血压水平，重复6次。从该社区附近的环境空气监测站收集PM2.5、SO2、NO2、CO及O3的实时浓度数据，持续时间为40 d。采用Pearson相关分析比较PM2.5与SO2、NO2、CO和O3的相关性。采用线性混合效应模型分析PM2.5和血压的定量关系，并在模型中控制时间趋势、星期几效应、平均温度、湿度和个体特征等协变量。结果 调查对象的SBP为（124.0±15.0）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa），DBP为（74.0±7.7）mmHg。测血压前24 h的PM2.5、SO2、NO2、O3和CO的浓度分别为（8.3±12.9）、（46.6±12.9）、（79.2±27.4） μg/m3和（0.8±0.2）mg/m3。Pearson相关分析显示，PM2.5与SO2、NO2、CO和O3的相关系数r分别为0.79、0.59、0.34和0.45，P值分别为〈0.001、0.006、0.012和0.009。PM2.5对SBP的影响在滞后1 d（lag 1 d）的时候开始呈现，lag 2 d的时候影响最大，其后逐渐变弱。以lag 0~2 d计算，PM2.5每升高10 μg/m3，导致SBP升高1.86（95%CI：0.62~3.09）mmHg，导致DBP降低-0.05（95%CI：0.59~0.50）mmHg。结论 PM2.5短期暴露可导致上海某社区居民的SBP水平升高。Objective To investigate the impact of particulate matter 2.5 （PM2.5） on the blood pressure of urban residents in Shanghai, China.Methods A panel study was conducted from May 27th to June 5th 2014 in a cohort of 30 adults in an urban community. Participants were 50-80 years old, had lived in the community for at least 5 years, and had a good health status. Key exclusion criteria were current smoking, smoking during the last 3 years, passive smoking, alcohol consumption, and severe cardiopulmonary disease. A total of 28 participants were eligible. Information on demographic characteristics, including of age, sex, height, weight, education, income and chronic comorbidities were collected. Participants were requested to have six weekly blood pressure measurements. Real-time concentrations of PM2.5 and gaseous pollutants were obtained from a nearby air quality monitor during 40 d. Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the correlation between PM2.5 and SO2, NO2, CO and O3. Linear mixed models were applied to analyze the association between PM2.5 and blood pressure, after controlling for time-related trends, day of the week, mean temperature, relative humidity and individual characteristics.Results The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was （124.0±15.0） mmHg （1 mmHg=0.133 kPa） and （74.0±7.7） mmHg, respectively. At 24 h before blood pressure measurement, the mean PM2.5, SO2, NO2, O3 and CO concentration were （8.3±4.9）, （46.6±12.9） , （79.2±27.4） μg/m3 and （0.8±0.2） mg/m3. The Pearson correlation coefficient R, between PM2.5 and O3, SO2, NO2 and CO was 0.79, 0.59, 0.34 and 0.45, respectively, with corresponding P-values of 〈0.001, 0.006, 0.012 and 0.009, respectively. The significant correlation between PM2.5 and systolic blood pressure occurred at lag 1 day, was strongest at lag 3 day, but attenuated thereafter. A 10 μg/m3 increase in 3-day average concentrations of PM2.5 was associated with changes of 1.86 （95%CI： 0.62-3.09） mmHg in systolic blood pressure

关 键 词：颗粒物 血压 定组研究 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]