时空数据发布中的隐式隐私保护  

Preservation of Implicit Privacy in Spatio-Temporal Data Publication

作　　者：王璐[1] 孟小峰[1] 郭胜娜 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学信息学院,北京100872

出　　处：《软件学报》2016年第8期1922-1933,共12页Journal of Software

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61532010;61379050;91224008);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(2013AA013204);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20130004130001);中国人民大学科学研究基金(11XNL010)~~

摘　　要：随着大数据时代的到来,大量的用户位置信息被隐式地收集.虽然这些隐式收集到的时空数据在疾病传播、路线推荐等科学、社会领域中发挥了重要的作用,但它们与用户主动发布的时空数据相互参照引起了大数据时代时空数据发布中新的个人隐私泄露问题.现有的位置隐私保护机制由于没有考虑隐式收集的时空数据与用户主动发布的位置数据可以相互参照的事实,不能有效保护用户的隐私.首次定义并研究了隐式收集的时空数据中的隐私保护问题,提出了基于发现-消除的隐私保护框架.特别地,提出了基于前缀过滤的嵌套循环算法用于发现隐式收集的时空数据中可能泄露用户隐私的记录,并提出基于频繁移动对象的假数据添加方法消除这些记录.此外,还分别提出了更高效的反先验算法和基于图的假数据添加算法.最后,在若干真实数据集上对提出的算法进行了充分实验,证实了这些算法有较高的保护效果和性能.In the emerging big data era, in addition to explicit publication of users＇ locations on geo-social networks, positioning system embedded in mobile phones implicitly records users＇ locations. Although such implicitly collected spatiotemporal data play an important role in a wide range of applications such as disease outbreak control and route recommendation for life science or smart city, they cause new serious privacy issues when cross-referencing with the explicitly published data from users. Existing location privacy preservation techniques fail to preserve the proposed implicit privacy because they ignore the cross-reference between implicitly and explicitly spatiotemporal data. To tackle this issue, this work for the first time investigates and defines the implicit privacy and proposes the discover and eliminate framework. In particular, this paper proposes prefix filtering based nest loop algorithm and frequent moving object based algorithm to generate dummy data to preserve the proposed implicit privacy. Further, it constructs an improved reverse a priori algorithm and graph based dummy data generation algorithm respectively to make the solution more practical. The results of extensive experiments on real world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methods.

关 键 词：隐式隐私 时空数据 隐私保护 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]