“此刻觉察”正念训练的定义、操作及可行性  

Definition,Treatment Procedure and Feasibility Report of “Present Awareness Mindfulness Training”

作　　者：刘兴华[1] 徐钧 张琴[1] 吴燕霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国.北京市学习与认知重点实验室,首都师范大学,北京100089 [2]戒幢佛学研究所止观教研室 [3]上海大学心理咨询中心

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2016年第8期1224-1229,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的:该研究旨在介绍首次提出的"此刻觉察正念训练"的定义及操作要点,并初步探索其操作的可行性。方法:该研究结合佛学文献与指导实践,提出了"此刻觉察"正念训练的概念,阐述了其从特定对象的觉察进阶为"无拣择觉察"的新途径。"此刻觉察"正念训练共计8周,7名寻求减压的人参与训练,训练前后采用五因素正念量表(FFMQ),简明心境量表(POMS)进行测评。结果:训练后访谈,参训被试表示容易理解和掌握此刻觉察的概念和方法。训练前后的心理测评分量表及总分配对样本t检验发现,FFMQ分量表中观察(t=-2.14,P<0.05)、描述(t=-2.27,P<0.05)、不行动(t=-2.16,P<0.05)和FFMQ总分(t=-2.45,P<0.05)有显著提高。POMS分量表中抑郁-沮丧(t=2.46,P<0.05)、愤怒-敌意(t=2.01,P<0.05)、紧张-焦虑(t=2.07,P<0.05)和迷惑-混乱(t=4.77,P<0.05)有显著降低。结论:"此刻觉察"正念训练操作上对本研究参训者具有可行性,且在正念水平的提升和情绪的调节方面都有一定的效果。然而,该训练对于缓解压力和调节情绪的效果需要进一步的研究检验。Objective：In the present study we introduce a novel intervention called ＂Present Awareness Mindfulness Training,PAMT＂ ,including a proposed operational definition of PAMT, a description of training procedure, and an initial investigation of its feasibility.Methods..PAMT,was developed as a novel approach to shifting focus from specific object awareness to choieeless awareness within the context MBSR. Seven participants, who wanted to reduce their stress,enrolled in this study to participate in the 8--week PAMT.The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire （FFMQ） and Profile of Mood State（POMS）were administered pro--and post--training to assess participants mind- fulness level and mood state. Results：Participants reported ease in understanding and mastering PAMT, as well as benefiting from it.Compared with pre--training assessment, there was a trend toward increased FFMQ scores at post training, including subscale scores of observing（t =-2.14, P = 0.05）, describing （t =-2.27, P〈0.05 ） and non-- reactivity to inner experience（t =-2.16,P〈0.05）and total score of FFMQ（t=-2.45,P=.025）.There was also a trend to- ward decreased on POMS subscale score of Depression-- dejection（t= 2.46, P〈0.05）, anger--hostility（t= 2.01, P d0.05）, tension-- anxiety （ t = 2.07, P〈0.05 ） and confusion -- bewilderment （ t = 4.77, P〈0. 01 ）. Conclusion.. The present study supports the initial feasibility of PAMT.However,the clinical effectiveness for stress reduction and emotional regulation associated with PAMT should he investigated in future studies.

关 键 词：正念 此刻觉察 训练 可行性 

分 类 号：R395.5[哲学宗教—心理学]