引黄灌区畦田灌水技术试验研究  

Experimental study on Irrigation Technology of Border Irrigation in Yellow River Irrigation District

作　　者：张立志[1] 徐立荣[1] 徐征和[1] 庞桂斌[1] 王通[1] 赵志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学资源与环境学院,济南250022

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第8期109-112,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD08B05-4);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2014EEQ020);山东省省级水利科研及技术推广项目(SDSLTG201410);济南大学研究生创新基金资助项目(GIFUJN)

摘　　要：在华北引黄灌区内,大田作物的主要灌溉方式依然是畦灌。由于畦田规格过长过宽,导致灌溉水浪费严重,灌水效率低下。在平原县张庄管道灌溉示范区进行畦田灌溉试验,研究了黄河下游引黄灌区不同灌水技术参数组合对灌水质量的影响。利用地面灌溉水流运动的计算机模拟软件WinSRFR4.1,对不同规格畦田的灌水过程进行模拟,得出畦田灌溉的田间灌水效率和灌水均匀度,研究不同灌水技术参数组合对灌水质量的影响。综合考虑管道灌溉出水口规格与当地耕作农具尺寸等因素,模拟了多种畦长、畦宽、坡度和单宽流量下灌溉方案的灌水效果,结果表明,畦宽1.5m,畦长50~60m,坡度为0.3%畦田灌溉技术改进方案的灌水效率和灌水均匀度均提高到80%以上,灌水性能较优,建议在黄河下游引黄灌区内推广使用。Recently, the main irrigation is still a border irrigation in the Yellow-river irrigation district of north China. The border is too long and too wide,resulting in a serious waste of irrigation water and low efficiency of irrigation. The experiments of field irriga tion in the horizontal direction were developed in the Zhangzhuang pipe irrigation demon station area of Pingyuan. We have researched that the different irrigation technical parameters combination in the irrigation area were effects on irrigation quality on lower reaches of Yellow River. WinSRFR4.1 that a computer simulation software for irrigation flow. The field irrigation efficiency and ir- rigation uniformity were obtained to study the influence of different irrigation technology parameters on irrigation quality. Combining the irrigation water outlet pipe specifications and local tillage tool sizes with other factors, the irrigation effects under a variety of length, width, slope and single width flow rate of the border were simulated. The results shows that irrigation efficiency and uniformity can be increased to more than 80% under the conditions that the length of 50--60 m, width of 1.5m and slope of 0.3% are set to the improved scheme. It has a better irrigation performance and may be recommended to use in the downstream of the Yellow River where the Yellow River diversion water is used for irrigation.

关 键 词：畦灌 灌水技术参数 灌水效率 灌水均匀度 改进方案 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV275.3[农业科学—农业工程]