9-13世纪山会平原水环境与水利系统演变  

The Evolution of Water Environment and Water Conservancy System in Shanhui Plain from the 9^(th) to13^(th) Century

作　　者：耿金[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史地理研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2016年第3期92-100,共9页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：国家重大社会科学基金项目"宋代以来长江三角洲环境变迁史研究"(09&ZD068);上海市浦江人才计划项目(2015)"浙东海塘的时空过程与环境;社会影响研究(宋-清)"(15PJC010)

摘　　要：唐代山会平原东部的东江塘构建改变了平原内河东出水流环境,平原积水向北部汇聚,后凿玉山置朱储斗门以泄水;北宋将斗门扩建为玉山闸,使北部灌溉能力极大提升,平原对鉴湖蓄水灌溉依赖减弱。南宋山阴北海塘最终构筑,西小江东出河道逐步固定,平原北部形成新的积水区,一些范围较大的积水区后期发育成湖泊,也分担鉴湖灌溉功能。北宋以后湖田化最终导致以鉴湖为中心的斗门水利系统废弃,湖水排入内河,原鉴湖低地积水,则通过堰来维持湖田区的农田灌溉及航运。唐宋海塘构建引起的水文生态变化推动着水利系统演变。The seawall of eastern Shanhui plain built in Tang Dynasty changed the direction of river flow,The local officials cut Yu hill and built Zhuchu Doumen water-gate to drain the converging water of northern plain.The water-gate was expanded to sluice in Southern Song Dynasty and enhanced the ability of irrigation in northern plain greatly and weakened the Jianhu lake＇s irrigation function.The northern seawall built eventually in Southern Song Dynasty and Xixiaojiang river was fixed gradually,the north plain formed new irrigable area.Some wider water areas developed into lake also shared the irrigation function of Jianhu lake finally in Southern Song Dynasty.Reclaimed land from lake lead to the water system based on Dolmen abandoned that around Jianhu Lake after Northern Song Dynasty,the water of lake discharged into river,and low lands accumulated water of the lake maintaining irrigation and shipping through weir.The hydro-eco changes caused by the seawall built from Tang to Song Dynasty promoted the evolution of water conservancy system.

关 键 词：海塘构建 鉴湖水利 朱储斗门 西小江 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]