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作 者:樊叶[1] 仇真[1] 薛兵东[1] 景希强[1] 高洪敏[1] 张丽丽[1]
出 处:《辽宁农业科学》2016年第4期38-41,共4页Liaoning Agricultural Sciences
基 金:科技部重大专项(2016YFD0300304);辽宁省农业攻关及成果产业化项目(2014201003);国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-35)
摘 要:密植是实现玉米高产高效的重要手段,然而增加密度也带来了倒伏、空秆、早衰等一系列问题,限制了玉米产量的挖掘。文中分析了品种耐密特性、播种质量、冠层结构、深松改土、肥料运筹等对密植高产玉米群体建立的影响,探索了玉米密植群体地上与地下冠层协调优化调控技术。指出选择耐密品种、提高群体生物产量,保证播种质量、提高群体整齐度,调整株行距、提高群体光合性能,是优化冠层结构,构建高效群体的重要手段;隔年深松、肥料深施、有机无机肥配施是调控地下冠层的重要途径。Increasing density is the main way to achieve Maize high yield and high efficiency, however, it alsobrings lodging, empty stalk, early senescence and other a series of problems, hindered the exploration ofmaize yield. In this paper, we analyzed the effluences on establish mechanization high density planting andhigh yield population, just as the density-tolerance of varieties, sowing quality, canopy structure, subsoiling,fertilizer application and so on; explored the coordination optimization technique between canopy and topsoil ofhigh density planting population. Pointed out that choose density-tolerance variety to improve population biomass,guarantee sowing quality to improve the population uniformity, adjust row and plant spacing to improvepopulation photosynthesis capacity is an important means to optimize canopy structure and establish high efficiencypopulation. Subsoiling every other year, deep application of fertilizer, combine application of organic andinorganic fertilizers is the important way to control the topsoil.
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