体外胚胎的处分问题研究  

On Disposal of in Vitro Embryos

作　　者：田野[1] 陈杨杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学法学院,天津300072

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第6期27-32,48,共7页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics：Social Sciences edition Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(13CFX063)

摘　　要：体外受精-胚胎移植技术产生的体外胚胎是"物",虽然具有发展成人的潜能,但其无法取得"人"一样的权利主体地位。体外胚胎不同于一般的物,法律应予以特殊保护。中国现有法律禁止胚胎买卖,对其他处分亦应予以适当限制。从尊重胚胎与人的生育权角度看,体外胚胎应允许被继承。离异夫妻对体外胚胎处分产生分歧时,应优先考虑不愿意生养孩子一方的利益,不得将体外胚胎孕育成人。夫妻一方死亡时,另一方得在法律许可范围内处分体外胚胎。体外胚胎无人继承时,应由负责保管的医疗机构处分该胚胎。The in vitro embryos produced by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer technology are objects whichhave the potential to develop into humans, but are unable to obtain the same subject position of right as human. Afterall, in vitro embryos differ from general objects, and they should be specially protected by the law. The existing lawsin China prohibit the sale of embryos. Appropriate restrictions should also be given to the disposal of embryos. Fromthe perspective of respecting the rights of the embryo and human rights, in vitro embryos should be allowed to be inherited.When a divorced couple have different opinions on the disposition of the in vitro embryos, priority should begiven to the interest of the side who is not willing to bear children and dont breed the embryos at last. When one sideof the couple dies, the other side may dispose of the in vitro embryos within the scope of the legal permission. Whenthe in vitro embryos are not inherited, they should be disposed by the medical institution who ’ s in charge ofthe custody.

关 键 词：体外胚胎 法律地位 客体说 继承 处分 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]