云蒙湖流域不同坡度的土壤侵蚀特征  

Analysis of soil erosion features on different slope gradient

作　　者：泮雪芹[1] 于兴修[2] 孟晓云[1] 

机构地区：[1]临沂大学资源环境学院,山东临沂276000 [2]湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉430062

出　　处：《测绘科学》2016年第8期63-66,共4页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(41201407)

摘　　要：针对定量分析土壤侵蚀在各坡度等级上的空间分布研究较少的现状,该文选用通用的土壤流失预报方程,对云蒙湖流域1986—2010年间的土壤水力侵蚀状况进行了定量的估算,以探讨不同坡度上的土壤侵蚀特征,并进一步分析了土壤侵蚀变化与人类活动的关系。分析得出：土壤侵蚀强度发生在人类活动比较频繁的区域上（8-25°坡度）更为严重;2010年比1986年强度以上所占比例在〈15°坡度等级上相对更低,在〉15°坡度等级上有所增加;云蒙湖流域主要土壤侵蚀量发生在〈25°坡度上;2010年比1986年耕地面积减少、林地和居民用地面积增加是土壤侵蚀降低的主要因素。At present,soil erosion survey is based on the Soil Erosion Classification Standard and quantitative analysis of soil erosion features on different slope gradient is less.Based on universal soil loss equation（USLE）,features of soil erosion on different slope gradient from 1986 to 2010 were analyzed.Further,the relationship between the change of soil erosion and the human activity was analyzed.The results showed that：in the Yunmeng lake watershed,the serious soil erosion intensity occurred on 8-15°slope gradient;comparing with soil erosion area in 1986,the total proportion of strong,extremely strong and severe erosion zones decreased on15°slope gradients in 2010 and increased on15°slope gradients;soil erosion was distributed mainly on 25°slope gradient which accounted for about 95%of the total erosion amount;from 1986 to 2010,soil erosion situation improved.The decrease of farm land area and the increase of forest land and residential land area were the main factors of the decrease of soil erosion in 2010.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 不同坡度梯度 云蒙湖 GIS RS 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]