罗素的形式蕴涵思想辨析——三论从形式蕴涵看“实质蕴涵怪论”  

An Examination on Russell's Thought of Formal Implication: The Third Discussion on “Material Implication Paradox” from the Perspective of Formal Implication

作　　者：张顺[1] 张建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学哲学系/现代逻辑与逻辑应用研究所,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第4期32-38,共7页Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：罗素的形式蕴涵思想,经历了一个从不成熟到成熟的过程。在首次提出基于命题函数的"形式蕴涵"概念的《数学的原则》中,由于罗素尚不具有清晰的逻辑量词观念,其使用"变元蕴涵"和"两个断定间的关系"对形式蕴涵的解释,存在多重混淆与失误之处。在深入研究弗雷格的著作并掌握逻辑量词理论之后,罗素的形式蕴涵思想实现了"完型转换",形成了成熟期的清晰认识。把握罗素的思想历程及其对基本的"实质蕴涵怪论"问题的解决,对于理解"从形式蕴涵看实质蕴涵怪论"的研究进路,具有重要启发价值。B. Russell＇s thought of formal implication went through a process from immaturity to maturity. In The Principles of Mathematics where he first introduced the notion of ＂formal implication＂ based on ＂propositional function＂, as Russell had not got a clear idea of logical quantifiers yet, his interpretations of formal implication employing ＂variable implication＂ and ＂relation between two assertions＂ had multiple confusions and mistakes. After a thorough study on Frege＇s works and a thorough understanding of logical quantifier theory, Russell＇ s thought of formal implication achieved a ＂Gestalt conversion＂, forming a clear understanding in the maturity period. The examination on the process of Russell＇ s thought on formal implication and his solution to basic ＂material implication paradoxes＂ is very enlightening for understanding the approach to ＂material implication paradoxes from the perspective of formal implication＂.

关 键 词：罗素 形式蕴涵 命题函数 逻辑量词 实质蕴涵怪论 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]