某电解铝厂作业工人慢性肌肉骨骼损伤调查分析  

Investigation on chronic musculoskeletal injury of workers in an electrolytic aluminium factory

作　　者：冯文艇 张镏琢 黄红英 朱德香 吴子俊 

机构地区：[1]深圳市职业病防治院,广东深圳518019

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2016年第3期189-191,共3页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：国家职业病临床重点专科建设项目(编号:WY2011873);深圳市重大职业病诊疗技术实验室建设项目(编号:CXB201111250112A);深圳市科技研发基金项目(编号:J CYJ 20140414110951776)

摘　　要：目的探讨慢性肌肉骨骼损伤与电解铝厂工人职业病的相关性。方法选取某电解铝厂100名电解铝工人和100名行政管理工作人员分别设为观察组和对照组,分析比较两组人员慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的检出率。结果观察组肌肉骨骼损伤检出率(54.00%)高于对照组(14.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。腰背部疼痛检出率最高,观察组肩部、腕部和腰背部肌肉骨骼损伤检出率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。检出率随着工龄的增加而增加(P<0.01),采用固定站立操作姿势工作的人员肌肉骨骼损伤检出率高于采用"自由站立"和"坐姿"操作姿势工作的人员(P<0.008)。结论保持同一姿势进行长时间作业是导致电解铝厂工人肌肉骨骼损伤的首要原因,应采取相应的措施对病情的发生和发展进行控制。Objective To understand workers＇ chronic musculoskeletal injury in the electrolytic aluminium factory. Methods A total of 100 workers in an aluminium electrolytic factory and 100 administrative staff （as control） were studied. Results The prevalence of musculoskeletal injury in the observed group was higher （54.00%） than that of the control group （14.00%）, and the difference showed statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The low-back pain was mostly reported. The prevalence of musculoskeletal injury at shoulders, wrists and back of the observed group were higher than those of the control group（P 〈 0.05）. The prevalence was positively related to the employment time in this factory. The workers engaged in operation with fixed standing posture had a higher prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal injury than the other workers （P 〈 0.008）. Conclusion The leading risk factor of the workers＇ musculoskeletal injuries in the electrolytic aluminium factory was long hours＇work with the same posture. It is necessary to take measures to prevent the disease.

关 键 词：肌肉骨骼损伤 电解铝 职业病 CMI 站立姿势 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]