象山港毛蚶种苗区重金属的含量分布特征及生态风险评价  

Distribution of heavy metals in seeding area of Scapharca subcrenata in Xiangshan Bay and its potential ecological risk assessment

作　　者：徐国锋[1] 何东海[1] 毛伟宏[1] 辛士河[1] 江河[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局宁波海洋环境监测中心站,浙江宁波315012

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2016年第3期348-355,共8页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：2012中央分成海域使用金支出项目(环保类)资助项目(国海办2013-551);宁波市海洋与渔业专项资金资助项目(甬财政工2013-57);2011年度国家海洋局海洋环境评价资助项目(DOMEP-03-02)

摘　　要：根据2014年7月象山港毛蚶(Scapharca subcrenata)种苗区监测资料,选取种苗区海水、表层沉积物中重金属指标为评价对象,通过重金属的含量分布特征,对养殖区的生态环境质量及生态危害进行评价.结果表明:毛蚶种苗区海水中重金属的含量分布除Pb外,基本上为表层低于底层;含量平面分布除Hg、As表现为北高南低的情况外,其他指标基本上表现为西高东低.沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量分布为西高东低,Hg、As含量分布为北高南低.对种苗区沉积物重金属的评价采用潜在生态危害指数法,结果显示为轻微生态危害等级,潜在生态危害系数表现为Cd>Hg>Cu>Pb>As>Zn;采用平衡分配法进行评价,结果显示种苗区沉积物中重金属对水生生物有一定的影响,两种评价结果较吻合.同时,生态环境质量评价结果表明,种苗区重金属的含量均处于较清洁等级.Based on the data from the blood clam （Scapharca subcrenata）seeding area in Xiangshan Bay in July, 2014,heavy metals of seawater and in sediments were used to evaluate the environmental quality and potential eco-logical risk of the areas.The results showed that distribution of 6 heavy metals,except for Pb,were generally lower in the surface water than in the bottom water.The horizontal distribution of Hg and As decreased from the west to the east while other metals decreased from north to south.In sediments the distribution of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd were higher in the west and lower in the east.Hg and As were higher in the north and lower in the south.The potential ecological risk assessment for sediment heavy metals showed that it was slightly ecological harmful,and the coefficient of potential ecological risk was in order of Cd〉Hg〉Cu〉Pb〉As〉Zn.When used equilibrium distribution method for the assessment,it showed a certain effect on the aquatic organism.Thus,the results of 2 assessments were almost the same.Meanwhile,the results of environmental quality assessment showed that the contents of 6 heavy metals in the clam seeding areas were at the grade of“less green”.

关 键 词：海洋环境科学 重金属 分布特征 生态危害 生态环境质量 种苗区 象山港 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]