ICU病原菌分布特点与耐药性研究  

ICU pathogens distribution and drug resistance

作　　者：邓辉[1] 熊雅[2] 邓小春[2] 魏大琼[3] 邓雪娟 

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡医药高等专科学校护理系,重庆404120 [2]重庆三峡中心医院ICU,重庆404000 [3]重庆三峡中心医院护理部,重庆404000 [4]重庆云阳县人民医院检验科,重庆404500

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第16期3719-3721,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：重庆市高等教育教学改革研究基金资助项目(153237)

摘　　要：目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)病原菌的分布及耐药性研究,为控制ICU的感染提供参考依据。方法选取2014年1月-2015年6月医院ICU住院患者送检的712份标本进行细菌培养,采用BD公司Poenix 100全自动细菌鉴定/药敏系统对病原菌进行鉴定以及药敏试验,数据采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果 712份标本中有386份阳性,阳性率为54.21%;共检出480株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主,共354株,占73.75%,其次为真菌67株,占13.96%,革兰阳性菌59株,占12.29%;鲍氏不动杆菌对多黏菌素耐药率最低为0,肠球菌属对利奈唑胺、替考拉宁和万古霉素耐药率最低,均为0,检出的所有真菌对两性霉素B耐药率均为0。结论 ICU住院患者中非发酵菌和真菌的检出率高,且多种病原菌耐药性较其他科室严重,需加强ICU病原菌及耐药性的监测,根据药敏的结果合理、正确的使用抗菌药物,减少耐药菌感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens in intensive care unit（ICU）,so as to provide evidence for the control of ICU infections.METHODS A total of 712 samples for bacterial culture which got from the hospitalized patients in hospital ICU from Jan.2014 to Jun.2015 were selected.The identification and drug sensitivity test of pathogenic bacteria were detected by BD company Poenix100 full automatic bacterial identification and susceptibility system.SPSS 19.0was used for data analysis.RESULTSIn the 712 specimens in this study,365 sputum were positive,accounting for 54.21%.A total of 480 strains of pathogens were isolated,mainly gram-negative bacteria,totally 354 strains,accounting for 73.75%,followed by 67 strains of fungi,accounting for 13.96%,gram-negative bacteria 59 strains,accounting for 12.29%.The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to polymyxin was 0,and the Enterococcus to linezolid,teicoplanin and vancomycin was the 0.The resistance rates of all the fungi detected to amphotericin B were all 0.CONCLUSIONThe non-fermentative bacterial and fungi are in a high detection rates in ICU patients and drug resistance of multiple pathogens are serious than other departments,which needs to strengthen the surveillance to ICU pathogens and drug resistance,according to the results of susceptibility to give a reasonable and correct choice of antibiotics to reduce the incidence of drug-resistant infections.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]