苗语判断系词演变探究  

Exploration of the Development of Miao Copulas

作　　者：熊玉有 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学语言研究所,上海200234 [2]云南省少数民族语文指导工作委员会,云南昆明650031

出　　处：《贵州民族研究》2016年第7期202-206,共5页Guizhou Ethnic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目"基于严格语音对应的汉语与民族语关系字研究(项目编号:13&AD132)"

摘　　要：判断系词是判断句的主要成分。判断系词从何而来值得探讨。苗语分湘西、黔东和川黔滇三大方言,不同方言判断系词读音不同,但语法功能基本一致。苗语三大方言的判断系词同源,并与汉语的"是"存在关系,其中川黔滇方言两个判断系词一个来自汉语,另一个来自彝语,并且正在发生着一些新的变化。The copula is a major constituent of an equative clause, linking a subject to a nominal complement. The origin of copulas is a topic worthy of exploration. The Miao language is classified into Xiangxi, Qiandong and Chuanqiandian dialects, and the pronunciation of the copula differs from dialect to dialect, but the copula has basically the same granmlatical function in all three dialects. This paper argues that copulas in all three major dialects of Miao have a common origin and that Miao copulas are related to the Chinese copula 是sh i. The Chuanqiandian dialect has two copulas, one of which has developed from Chinese and the other from the Yi language, and some new changes are taking place in the use of these copulas.

关 键 词：苗语 系词 演变 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言]