微波辅助机械破岩试验和理论研究进展  

Review of theoretical and experimental studies on mechanical rock fragmentation using microwave-assisted approach

作　　者：卢高明 李元辉[1] HASSANI Ferri 张希巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]麦吉尔大学采矿与材料工程系

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2016年第8期1497-1506,共10页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51274055);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAB02B01);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20130042110010);中央高校基本科研业务专项基金(N150104007)

摘　　要：微波辅助机械破岩是微波加热技术和机械破岩技术相结合的一种混合型破岩方法。岩石内不同矿物成分对微波能具有不同的吸收特性,各矿物不同的热膨胀产生的内应力使岩石内发生沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂,使试样产生损伤和微裂纹,这会引起岩石强度的降低。辐射功率和辐射时间是影响岩石力学特性的重要参数,一定功率的微波辐射处理后,试样的点荷载强度、单轴抗压强度和抗拉强度发生显著降低,微波功率越高,辐射时间越长,对试样强度的折减效果越明显。数值研究结果与试验研究结果基本一致,增加功率的同时降低辐射时间对试样强度折减具有更好的效果。岩石点荷载强度、单轴抗压强度和抗拉强度的降低能够显著提高机械破岩设备刀具的侵入率和刀具寿命,解决机械刀具的磨损问题。微波辅助机械破岩对钻孔、TBM掘进和实现金属矿矿岩连续开采都具有重要影响作用。Themicrowave-assisted mechanical rock breaking system is arockfragmentation methodwhich uses the combination ofmicrowave heating technology and the mechanical excavating technology.Different mineralshavedifferent degrees ofabsorption to microwave energy,so intergranular and transgranular fractures occur within the specimen after microwave radiation treatment, and the specimen is weakened and micro cracks are generated due to the internal stress caused by thermal expansion of different minerals within the rocks. This causes the rock strength to be reduced. Microwave power and exposure time are the important parameters to influence the mechanical properties of rocks.The point load strength, tensile strength and compressive strength decreasesignificantly with a certain power level of microwave radiation. The higherthe microwave power and the longertheexposure time, the more the strength reduction.The numerical results are comparedwith the experimentalones and show thatthestrength reductionismuch quicker by increasing the power level of microwave in shorter time of exposure.The life and penetration rate of cutters of the rock mechanical equipment can be increased by the strength reduction of rocks, which can contribute to resolving the disc cutter wear problem.Microwave-assisted mechanical rock breaking has significant influence on drilling, TBMtunnelling and realizing the continuous mining of metal mine.

关 键 词：微波辅助破岩 岩石破碎 强度折减 连续采矿 

分 类 号：TU231[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]