不同施肥模式对冬瓜氮素利用及菜地氮素表观平衡的影响  

Effects of fertilizer practices on nitrogen utilization of Chinese waxgourd and apparent nitrogen balance of vegetable field

作　　者：郭智[1] 刘红江[1] 陈留根[1] 王子臣[1,2] 邱丹[2] 堵燕钰 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏省农业环境监测与保护站,南京210036 [3]常州市农(渔)业生态环境保护监测站,江苏213002

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2016年第4期92-98,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003014-02);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B12)

摘　　要：2011—2012年进行了田间小区定位试验,研究了自然降雨条件下单施化肥(T1)、有机肥-化肥配施(T2)及单施有机肥(T3)等不同施肥模式对冬瓜氮素利用及菜地氮素表观平衡的影响。结果表明:较T1处理,T2和T3处理分别增加了冬瓜氮素累积吸收量13.69%和13.16%,但菜地氮肥偏生产力和氮肥农学效率较T1处理分别降低了9.33%—22.91%和8.76%—27.08%。T2、T3处理条件下,冬瓜氮素表观利用率分别达26.11%和24.78%,较T1处理提高10.04%和4.41%,但各处理间差异不显著。T1处理条件下,菜地氮素盈余量达89.93 kg/hm^2,而T2、T3处理则显著增加菜地氮素盈余量达17.37%—32.20%,且氮素盈余率显著增加8.33%—22.69%。Field plot experiments with Chinese waxgourd were conducted under natural rainfall conditions in2011 and 2012 to study the nitrogen utilization of Chinese waxgourd and apparent nitrogen balance of vegetable field as influenced by single chemical fertilizer（T1）,chemical fertilizer and chicken manure（T2） and single chicken manure（T3）.The results showed that the T2 and T3 treatments significantly increased the cumulative amount of nitrogen absorbed by Chinese waxgourd respectively by 13.69%and 13.16%over the T1 treatment but decreased both partial factor productivity and agronomical efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in vegetable field by9.33%—22.91%and 8.76%—27.08%respectively.The apparent nitrogen utilization rate under the T2 and T3 treatments reached 26.11%and 24.78%respectively and increased respectively by 10.04%and 4.41%over that under the T1 treatment,but there were not significant differences between those treatments.The nitrogen surplus amount in vegetable field was up to 89.93 kg/hm under the T1 treatment and significantly increased by17.37%—32.20%under the T2 and T3 treatments,and the nitrogen surplus rate under the T2 and T3 treatments significantly increased by 8.33%—22.69%.

关 键 词：冬瓜 氮平衡 利用率 施肥试验 

分 类 号：S642.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]