中国大菱鲆养殖产业集群的影响因素分析  

Influence factors of Chinese turbot industrial cluster

作　　者：曹自强[1] 杨正勇[1] 李佳莹[1] 杨明晨 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2016年第4期147-153,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

摘　　要：近年来,随着大菱鲆养殖产业的发展,产业出现养殖成本上涨、收购价格走低、水资源匮乏等问题,而产业集群作为当今一种极有效率的产业经济组织形式,能实现资源的优化配置,提升企业和产业的竞争力。通过区位熵测算我国大菱鲆养殖主产区的产业集聚度,结合GEM模型从基础要素、企业要素和市场要素三方面构建产业集群的影响因素指标体系,并在我国2013年大菱鲆养殖产业主产区的数据基础上,运用灰色关联理论评价各影响因素与产业集群的关联度,研究表明:基础要素中技术推广水平、海水资源禀赋的关联度较高,市场需求和大型生产者数量的关联度分别在市场要素和企业要素中较高。因此建议,政府加大养殖技术培训力度,加快研发大菱鲆苗种繁殖技术和病害防治技术;推动循环水养殖模式,规范养殖企业标准化管理方式;建立合理的价格策略和加大产品宣传;引进和扶持大型企业,推行合作社或股份公司的建设。In recent years,with the development of turbot aquaculture industry,the industry appears the problem of high production cost,low price,the lack of water resources.Industrial cluster as the current one of the most efficient economic organization form which can achieve the optimal allocation of resources,enhance the competitiveness of enterprises and industries.The paper measured industrial concentration degree of turbot breeding areas in China through the location quotient,and combined the GEM model from three aspects as foundation,enterprise and market to build the index system of influencing factors of industrial cluster.Then based on the producing data of Chinese turbot aquaculture industry in 2013,the paper using the theory of grey relation evaluated the degree of correlation between various influencing factors and industrial concentration degree.The results showed that technology popularization level and the seawater resources had higher correlation with industrial concentration degree in foundation,market demand and the number of large producers had higher correlation respectively in market and enterprise.Based on the analysis,the suggestions were proposed to increase the intensity of breeding technology training,and speed up the development of turbot seedling breeding technology and disease prevention technology.Governments and enterprises should promote the cultivation mode of circulating water,standardize the breeding enterprise management;should establish reasonable price strategy,increase the product publicity.The local government should introduce and support large enterprises,and promote the construction of cooperative and joint-stock company.

关 键 词：水产养殖业 大菱鲆 产业集群 GEM模型 区位熵 灰色关联理论 

分 类 号：S967[农业科学—水产养殖] F269.23[农业科学—水产科学]