半湿润易旱区土壤水分时空变化特征研究  

Soil Moisture's Time and Spatial Variability in Semi-humidity and Liable-drought region

作　　者：贾志峰[1,2,3] 朱红艳[4] 易秀[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054 [2]长安大学水与发展研究院,西安710054 [3]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710054 [4]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年第8期67-72,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务专项(310829161003);高等学校学科创新引智计划("111")项目"干旱半干旱地区水文生态与水安全学科创新引智计划项目"(B08039)

摘　　要：为了研究半湿润易旱区土壤水分时空变化特征,在陕西关中盆地的三原县选择试验点,对地面以下0~500cm土层水分进行原位、定点长期自动监测。根据土壤水分变化状况从垂直剖面上将土壤划分为活跃层（0~20cm）、次活跃层（20~50cm）、过渡层（50~200cm）、相对稳定层（200~500cm）。其中,活跃层、次活跃层土壤水分受到气象因素的影响较大,12月及1-3月中旬处于相对稳定期、3月下旬-5月中旬处于缓慢下降期、5月下旬-9月下旬处于增失交替期、10月初~11月末处于持续下降期;过渡层土壤水分受到气象因素的影响较小,12-3月末处于先减小后增大的变化趋势,4月初-8月中旬有一定的波动,8月下旬-11月末缓慢下降。相对稳定层土壤水分受到气象因素的影响微弱,主要受到土壤温度的影响,表现出振幅较小的正弦曲线趋势的变化特征。In order to study soil moisture＇s time and spatial variability in semi-arid loess region, land in San Yuan county, Shaanxi Province, is chosen as experimental zone and soil moisture is automatically and long-term monitoring. Results show that, soil＇s verti- cal profiles can be named as active layer（0~20 cm）,relatively active layer（20~50 cm）, transitional layer（50~200 era）, relatively stable layer（200~500 cm） according to soil moisture＇s change characteristics. Among them, active layer and relatively active layer are mainly affected by rainfall, evaporation, temperature, so soil moisture is relatively stable from December to Mid--March, is slowly decreasing from late March to Mid--May, is alternately increasing and decreasing from late May to late September, and is durative decreasing from early October to late November. Transitional layer is less affected by rainfall, evaporation, temperature than soil temperature, so soil moisture is decreasing first and then increasing from December to Late March, is slightly fluctuant from early April to Mid--August, and is slowly decreasing from late August to late November. Relatively stable layer is mainly af- fected by soil temperature, so soil moisture shows sinusoidal variation with a little amplitude.

关 键 词：自动监测 土壤水分 时空变化 半湿润易旱区 

分 类 号：S-1[农业科学] TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]