结构、文化抑或排斥:西部民族地区特困农牧民的致贫机理  

Structure,Culture or Exclusion:The Internal Mechanism of Impoverished Farmers and Herders in Western Ethnic Areas

作　　者：万国威[1] 高丽茹[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院,天津300350 [2]南京财经大学法学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《人口学刊》2016年第5期70-82,共13页Population Journal

基　　金：教育部重大攻关项目:中国适度普惠型社会福利理论和制度构建研究(10JZD0033)

摘　　要：伴随着我国经济的快速发展,越来越多农村民众的生活水平得到了提高,他们在分享改革开放阶段性成果的同时也逐步摆脱了贫困。但是在我国西部民族地区仍然有广大农牧民受到贫困的现实威胁,亟须通过体系化的政策推动来脱贫致富。本研究利用实证研究方式,通过对877名特困农牧民群众的问卷调查深入挖掘该群体的致贫机理。研究发现,西部民族地区特困农牧民的收入、存款和物资状况令人担忧,该群体的致贫机理以结构性贫困和文化性贫困为主,基本按照文化性诱因、结构性诱因和排斥性诱因的顺序逐步递减。研究认为,我国应当进一步明晰西部民族地区反贫工作的重要意义,突出文化性与结构性反贫政策的重要地位,强化反贫政策与人口政策的协调发展。Although the impoverished population has sharply decreased and began to enjoy enough benefits of opening-up policy stepping with our continuous anti-poverty policy, in the western ethnic region, the large scale poverty is still serious. Therefore, it is very necessary to research on the poverty mechanism be- hind our farmers and herders. After finishing an empirical research aiming at 877 poor farmers and herders, the study finds that the serious poverty situation of farmers and herders can be clearly observed in their income, property and livelihood, and the mechanism of poverty mainly decrease from cultural factors to structural factors, and then to exclusive factors. The study suggests that we should make clear of our anti-poverty work in western ethnic area, optimize the cultural and structural anti-poverty work, and gradually reveal the characteristics of anti-poverty policy in western ethnic areas.

关 键 词：特困农牧民 致贫机理 结构性诱因 文化性诱因 排斥性诱因 

分 类 号：C924.24[社会学—人口学]