尘螨过敏原环境干预提高哮喘儿童肺功能及生活质量  

Dust mite allergen environmental intervention to improve pulmonary function and quality of life in children with asthma

作　　者：祁姗姗[1] 祝戎飞[1] 黄南[1] 李文静[1] 刘光辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院过敏反应科,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2016年第14期13-17,23,共6页China Medicine And Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的探讨两种尘螨过敏原暴露干预手段与患儿哮喘控制水平的关系。方法 45例尘螨过敏哮喘患者,分成三组:A组不做干预,B组使用全新床垫、被子、枕头和沙发软垫,C组原有床垫、被子、枕头和沙发软垫使用防螨套。分别于干预前、干预后3、6和12个月分别采集患儿家中床垫、被子、枕头和沙发的灰尘样本,采用酶联免疫吸附分析法(ELISA)测定灰尘样本中尘螨过敏原组分(Der p1和Der f1)含量,测量记录患儿哮喘控制测试(ACT/C-ACT)评分及患儿最大呼气峰流速PEFR。结果环境干预后3、6和12个月,干预组患儿家庭内尘螨过敏原水平显著低于未干预患儿(低于10μg/g,P<0.05)。干预后一年间床垫和被子中尘螨过敏原含量与患儿ACT/C-ACT评分呈负相关关系。干预组在沙发和床垫上的尘螨过敏原水平和患儿PEFR呈负相关关系。结论尘螨过敏哮喘患儿更换寝具或使用防螨套物理手段干预室内尘螨过敏原,能显著减少室内尘螨过敏原暴露水平,并可能改善患儿的哮喘症状,减轻气道高反应。Objective To assess the relationship between 2 kinds of dust mite allergen exposure intervention and Control level of asthma in children. Methods 45 children with asthma were enrolled and divided into 3 groups： group A with no intervention, group B with new mattress, quilts, pillows and sofa cushion, group C with old mattress, quilts, pillows and sofa cushion. Dust samples of bed mattress, quilt, pillow and sofa in children＇s home were collected separately on 3 months, 6 months and 12 months before and after the intervention. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to determine the content of dust mite allergens in dust sample components（Der p1 and Der f1）, to measure and record children asthma control test（ACT/C-ACT） score and peak expiratory flow rate in the patients with PEF. Results 3, 6 and 12 months after Environmental intervention, dust mite allergen levels in the family of intervention group was significantly lower than that of children with no intervention（lower than 10 μg/g, P〈0.05）. Dust mite allergen content in mattress and quilt in one year after intervention was negatively correlated with ACT/C-ACT score. Dust mite allergen levels in sofa and mattress was negatively correlated with children PEFR. Conclusion Changing of bedding items for new or using anti-mite sets allows a reduction of mite allergen concentration. It can significantly reduce indoor dust mite allergen exposure level, improve the symptoms of asthma in children, and reduce airway hyper reactivity.

关 键 词：儿童 哮喘 尘螨 环境干预 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]