氧化铝赤泥回收镓的优化浸出试验研究  

Experimental study on the gallium recovery by optimized acid leaching of alumina red mud

作　　者：柯胜男[1] 刘锦卉 郭晓娟[1] 赵婷婷[1] 王海芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,太原030051

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2016年第12期1387-1390,共4页China Sciencepaper

摘　　要：以氧化铝生产过程中的固体废弃物赤泥为主要原料,通过酸浸回收镓时,为了降低酸的消耗量,提高镓的浸出率,采用正交试验法比较直接硫酸酸浸浸出镓和先用浓硫酸熟化赤泥,将其中的镓转化成水溶性化合物,再从预处理物料中浸出镓2种试验。研究结果表明提取、回收镓的最适宜条件是:在熟化过程中,熟化温度为200℃,熟化时间为2h,硫酸浓度为4mol/L,硫酸和水与赤泥的液固比为2∶1;进行水浸时,浸出温度为70℃,浸出时间为60min,5g熟化赤泥中加水量为20mL,含氟助浸剂5%(氟化钙占赤泥的质量分数)。在此条件下,最终浸出率可达95%左右。Red mud is a type of solid waste from production of alumina.In order to reduce the consumption of acid and increase the leaching rate of gallium,the method of orthogonal test was used to compare the leaching rate of gallium between directly leaching gallium with sulfuric acid and curing the red mud with concentrated sulfuric acid for a period of time.The gallium in the red mud was converted into soluble compounds after the pretreatment and ready to leach in the subsequent leaching process.The optimization experimental conditions are as follows：in the curing process,the ratio of the sulfuric to the red mud is 2to 1,the red mud is cured for 2hat 200℃ and the concentration of sulfuric acid is 4mol/L.In the leaching process,5g curing red mud is in water baths for 60 minutes at 70℃,water amount 20 mL and 5%calcium fluoride.About 95% of the gallium can be extracted from the red mud in this way.

关 键 词：赤泥 恒温熟化 镓 浸出 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TF843.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]