芝麻枯萎病菌毒素成分分析及其对芝麻幼苗的毒性  

Identification of the toxin of sesame Fusarium wilt pathogen and its toxic effect on sesame seedlings

作　　者：朱强宾[1] 张海洋[2] 段迎辉[2] 常淑娴[2] 魏利斌[2] 李春[2] 苗红梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,南京210095 [2]河南省农业科学院芝麻研究中心,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物保护》2016年第4期27-33,42,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家现代农业(芝麻)产业技术体系(CARS-15);国家自然科学基金(U1204318;U1304321;31301653)

摘　　要：芝麻枯萎病(sesame Fusarium wilt,SFW)是由尖孢镰刀菌芝麻专化型[Fusarium oxysporum Schl.f.sp.sesami(Zap.),FOS]引起的一种土传真菌病害,严重影响着我国芝麻生产。为确定FOS是否产生毒素以及毒素成分,利用液相色谱和液质联用等技术分离并分析了FOS菌株培养滤液的主要组成物质。研究发现FOS能够产生4种特异物质,分别为镰刀菌酸(5-丁基吡啶甲酸,FA),及C_(10)H_(13)NO_4(FA+O_2)、C_(10)H_(13)NO_3(FA+O)和C_(10)H_(11)NO_2(FA-H_2)_3种镰刀菌酸类似物。在Richard培养基上强致病力和弱致病力FOS菌株均可获得毒素,不同致病力的菌株所产生4种物质的含量和比例存在差异。芝麻幼苗生长试验结果证明含有上述特异物质的FOS培养滤液能够对幼苗生长产生抑制作用;而随着FOS毒素浓度的增大,芝麻幼苗受毒害程度增大。但在含相同FA浓度的FOS培养滤液处理下,不同芝麻品种幼苗生长受抑制程度无显著差异。该结果为进一步研究FOS致病机理及芝麻-FOS互作奠定了技术和理论基础。Sesame Fusariurn wilt （SFW） caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami （FOS） is a soil-borne fungus disease in sesame and has an effect on sesame production. In order to reveal whether FOS could produce toxin and determine the toxin components, we separated and analyzed the filtered culture solution of FOS strains by using HPLC and HPLC-MS techniques. Four separate peak masses in the main FOS filtered components were identified as fusaric acid （5-butylpicolinic acid, FA） and three fusaric acid analogues, namely C10 H13 NO4 （FA＋O2）, C10 H13 NO3（FA＋ O） and C10 Hn NO2 （FA-H2）. With Richard culture medium, both the highly pathogenic strain （HSFO09100） and the lowly pathogenic strain （HSFO07021） could produce toxins; however, the content and rati- os of the four main toxins varied evidently. The results proved that the FOS filtered solutions containing fusaric acid and the three analogues could inhibit the growth of the sesame seedlings. Moreover, as the concentration of fusaric acid in the filtered solutions increased from 1 to 10 μg/mL, the toxic effects to sesame seedlings became obvious. Growth comparison results indicated that no significant difference existed among the four sesame varieties under the treatments of FOS filtered solutions containing the same FA concentration. The results provide the technical and theoretical basis for further study on FOS pathogenicity mechanism and the interaction of FOS and sesame.

关 键 词：芝麻枯萎病 毒素 镰刀菌酸 液相色谱 液质联用 

分 类 号：S435.653[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]