黄土高原区苹果产业比较优势测算与评价——以甘肃省为例  

Comparative advantage calculation and assessment of apple industry in China's Loess Plateau in Gansu Province

作　　者：乔志霞[1] 金连平[1] 张艳荣[1] 朱丽婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学经管学院,兰州市730070

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2016年第9期112-118,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：2010年国家社科基金项目阶段性成果(10BJY066);2012年甘肃省社科规划项目阶段性成果(12030JJ)

摘　　要：作为黄土高原苹果主产省,2013年甘肃省苹果栽种面积居全国第三位,但单产与总产仍与全国水平有一定差距。为剖析甘肃省苹果产业竞争优势与发展潜力,基于比较优势理论,测算、比较2004～2013年甘肃省与其他六大苹果主产省的三大比较优势。结果表明,甘肃省苹果产业规模比较优势大于3,为全国最高水平,综合比较优势大于1.5,为全国较高水平,而效率比较优势小于1,处于偏低水平。甘肃省苹果产业具有规模比较优势、综合比较优势,但缺乏效率比较优势。据此,应适度增加栽种面积,发挥规模比较优势,借助差异化种植、科技进步,提高效率比较优势,扶持合作组织、延伸产业链,提高综合比较优势,进而提高甘肃省苹果产业生产能力与竞争力。As one of the most important apple production province in China＇s Loess Plateau,the apple planting acreage of Gansu Province is the second in China,however,its per unit yield and total output are still low than general level.In order to find competitive advantage and significant potential of apple industry about Gansu Province,based on the theory of comparative advantage of David Ricardo,it was calculated scale economy advantage index,efficiency advantage index and comprehensive advantage index of apple industry about seven main apple-producing provinces of China from 2004 to 2013,then it was compared three advantages between Gansu Province and other six provinces.The result indicated that,among seven provinces＇apple production,apple industry of Gansu Province has the biggest scale economy advantage index,which is larger than 3;The third comprehensive advantage index,which is larger than1.5;and the fifth efficiency advantage index,which is smaller than 1.It has scale economy advantage and comprehensive advantage but not efficiency advantage.In order to enhance production capacity and strengthen the competitiveness of apple industry in Gansu Province,it should increase the apple planting acreage moderately for playing the role scale economy advantage,rely on planting diversity apple species and technological advancement for improving the role of efficiency advantage,rely on developing cooperation organization and enlarging supply chain for improving the role of comprehensive advantage.

关 键 词：苹果产业 比较优势测算 评价与对策 甘肃省 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]