四川省不同流行水平民族与非民族地区艾滋病关怀现状及影响因素研究  

The Actuality Evaluation of HIV / AIDS Care in Different HIV / AIDS Epidemic Levels of National and Ethnic Minority Areas in Sichuan Province and Influencing Factors of Research

作　　者：刘明艳 万绍平[2] 罗艳[2] 郑世凡 雍正平[2] 武文博[2] 杨干金 胡天波 熊涛 姜正清 王波[8] 钟晓东[9] 

机构地区：[1]成都市龙泉驿区疾病预防控制中心,成都610100 [2]四川省医学科学院.四川省人民医院,成都610031 [3]四川省性病艾滋病防治协会 [4]三台县疾病预防控制中心 [5]马边彝族自治县疾病预防控制中心 [6]汶川县疾病预防控制中心 [7]西昌市皮防站 [8]西充县疾病预防控制中心 [9]大竹县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2016年第9期902-908,共7页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川省重大传染病研究项目(编号SC2014-238)

摘　　要：目的调查四川省不同艾滋病流行水平民族与非民族地区艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和患者(PLHA)关怀现状,探讨其影响因素。方法首先,采用分层随机抽样的方法,根据艾滋病流行的不同水平,从四川省民族地区和非民族地区中各抽取高、中、低流行县一个,共6个县(市)作为代表县;其次,每个县采用随机抽样的方法,抽取目前接受常规随访服务的PLHA作为调查对象,高流行县100名、中流行县50名、低流行县30名,用肖水源制订的社会支持评定量表进行关怀现状评估。结果四川省PLHA的社会支持总分为(29.16±8.38)分,明显低于与全国常模得分(34.56±3.73)分(t=12.21,P<0.01)。民族地区和非民族地区社会支持总分无明显差异,低流行县PLHA获得的社会支持最多,高流行县次之,中流行县最少。社会支持评分与婚姻状况、接受抗病毒治疗、亲人知晓其感染状况、家庭年收入上的差异有统计学意义,其中与家庭年收入和婚姻状况的相关性较大。结论四川省PLHA关怀工作总体处于较低水平,应加大对中流行区的经费投入,加大对无配偶、家庭收入低的PLHA的关怀力度,同时,促进PLHA告知家人自身感染状况以获得家人的更多支持。Objective To investigate the care actuality evaluation for people living with HIV / AIDS（ PLHA） between ethnic minority regions and the han nationality regions in sichuan province with different HIV / AIDS epidemic levels,and related impact factors. Methods First of all,using the method of stratified random sampling,according to the different levels of HIV / AIDS epidemic,select respectively one high,one medium and one low level county from ethnic minority regions and the han nationality regions in sichuan province,that a total of 6 counties（ cit ies） as representatives. Second,using random sampling method,each county selects PLHA who receive regular follow-up service at present,100 in high level county,50 in medium,and 30 in low. Using Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRS） which designed by Xiao Shuiyuan to assess the actuality evaluation of HIV / AIDS care.Results Sichuan PLHA social support score was（ 29. 16 ＋ 8. 38）,significantly lower than the national norm（ 34. 56 ＋ 3. 73） points（ t = 12. 21,P 0. 001）. The scores between ethnic minority regions and the han nationality regions have no obvious difference. PLHA of the low level county gain the most social support,the second is the high county,the last is the medium county. Social support scores are statistically significant with the difference of marital status,antiviral treatment,awareness of the infection status by the kinsfolk and household annal income,especially have great correlation with household annal income and marital status. Conclusion In general,the HIV / AIDS care in Sichuan province has been in a low level. This means more increase in budget to medium level county,more efforts of care to the PLHA of no spouse and low household income,meanwhile,promoting PLHA to inform family of his own infection status in order to obtain more support of family.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒感染者和患者 关怀 影响因素 社会支持 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]