吐鲁番地区温室与露地栽培葡萄枝叶生长及果实品质差异分析  

Variance Analysis on Vegetative Organ Growth and Fruit Quality of Grape in the Greenhouses and Open Field in Turpan

作　　者：马微[1] 牛莹莹[1] 骆强伟 孙峰 伍国红 廖康[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学特色果树研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善838201

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第7期1204-1209,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目"新疆特色果树高效安全生产关键技术集成与示范"(201130102-1);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-30);新疆维吾尔自治区果树重点学科基金~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究吐鲁番地区温室与露地栽培葡萄枝叶生长及果实品质的差异,为干旱区葡萄丰产优质栽培奠定理论基础。【方法】以吐鲁番地区温室与露地栽培葡萄的2个早熟鲜食品种为试材,测定其叶片、叶面积指数、新梢长及果实品质,分析两种栽培条件下葡萄枝叶生长与果实品质的差异。【结果】2个葡萄品种温室栽培的叶面积、新梢长、叶面积指数都高于露地栽培,露地栽培葡萄叶片的叶绿素高于温室栽培。温室栽培葡萄单穗重均高于露地栽培,温室红旗特早单穗重显著高于露地红旗特早,露地红旗特早单粒重与温室红旗特早无显著性差异,温室火焰无核单粒重极显著高于露地火焰无核。温室红旗特早与露地红旗特早的总糖含量有极显著差异,露地红旗特早高于温室红旗特早3%左右,温室火焰无核与露地火焰无核总糖含量无差异。露地栽培果实可溶性固形物含量明显高于温室栽培,相差在7%左右;温室栽培与露地栽培VC含量无显著差异。【结论】温室内葡萄植株营养生长较为旺盛;露地栽培葡萄的果实总糖及可溶性固形物含量明显高于温室栽培;温室栽培葡萄的单穗重和单粒重高于露地栽培;露地栽培葡萄的果实内在品质比较好。【Objective】To explore the difference of grape leaves growth and fruit quality in greenhouses and open field cultivation in Turpan in order to lay the theoretical basis for the yield and quality of grape cultivation in arid area.【Method】Two premature fresh grape varieties were taken as test materials in greenhouses and open field cultivation in Turpan and the leaf,leaf area index,shoot length and fruit quality were measured by analyzing the grape leaves growth in relation to fruit quality under two cultivations.【Result】The leaf area,shoot length and leaf area index of two greenhouse grape varieties were higher than those by open field cultivation,grape chlorophyll of open field cultivation was higher than that in greenhouses. Grape single panicle weight of greenhouse was higher than that in the open field cultivation,single panicle weight of greenhouse Hongqitezao was significantly higher than that in the open field,single grain weight of open field Hongqitezao and Hongqitezao of greenhouse didn ＇t show significant differences,single grain weight of Greenhouse Flame seedless was significantly higher than that in open field flame seedless. There was a significant difference in total sugar content of Greenhouse Hongqitezao and open field Hongqitezao. Open Field Hongqitezao was about3% higher than that of the greenhouse Hongqitezao. There was no difference in total sugar content between Greenhouse Flame seedless and open field Flame Seedless. Soluble solids of open field cultivation was significantly higher than that in greenhouses,and the difference was about 7%; There was no difference in VC between Greenhouse and open field.【Conclusion】Grape vegetative growth is more vigorous in greenhouse; fruit total sugar and soluble solids content of open field cultivation is significantly higher than that in the greenhouse; Single panicle weight and single grain weight of greenhouse were higher than those by open field cultivation and the fruit internal quality of open field cultivation is better.

关 键 词：葡萄 温室栽培 露地栽培 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]