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作 者:邵丽珊[1] 李鹏[1] 朱秋萍[1] 罗淑萍[1] 李疆[1]
出 处:《新疆农业科学》2016年第7期1237-1244,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(31260186);新疆自治区果树学重点学科基金~~
摘 要:【目的】观测野扁桃生物学特性,筛选出最适宜在乌鲁木齐市周边地区引种栽植的新疆野扁桃居群。【方法】将新疆裕民、托里、布尔津、塔城、哈巴河5个不同居群的野扁桃,引种在新疆农业大学三坪基地,第二年进行生物学特性调查及物候观测。【结果】塔城居群的野扁桃新梢、叶片宽、株高及地径最大,叶片厚度最小;哈巴河居群野扁桃地径最小,其叶片最小但最厚;野扁桃株高生长动态曲线呈"慢-快-慢"趋势,地径生长动态为"匀速增长型",塔城居群野扁桃株高累计生长量最少,地径累计生长量最多;布尔津居群野扁桃株高累计生长量最多,哈巴河居群野扁桃地径累计生长量最少;托里居群的野扁桃果核长最大,哈巴河居群野扁桃果核长及百粒重最小,塔城居群的野扁桃果核宽、核厚均最大,布尔津最小。5个居群的生长期均在150 d左右,塔城居群野扁桃生长期最长,哈巴河居群野扁桃生长期最短,且塔城居群野扁桃最早露瓣及坐果,哈巴河居群野扁桃最晚。【结论】塔城居群野扁桃总体表现良好,适宜在乌鲁木齐市周边地区引种栽植。【Objective】Based on the observation of biological characteristics of wild almond,this research aims at selecting the most appropriate wild almond populations transplanting in Urumqi and the surrounding areas.【Method】Five different populations of wild almond trees,Yumin,Tuoli,Burjin,Tacheng and Habahe were chosen as the research objects and transplanted in Sanping Base of Xinjiang Agricultural University to investigate their biological characteristics and phenophase in the second year.【Result】The results showed that,the biological characteristics and growth habits demonstrated obvious difference in different populations of Amygdalus ledebouriana Schleche. The new shoots,leaf width,plant height and the ground diameter of Tacheng population were the largest,but the blade thickness was the smallest; The ground diameter of Habahe population was the minimum of 20. 80 mm,and the blade was the smallest but the thickest,with the length of 53. 16 mm,the width of 13. 18 mm and the thickness of 0. 74 mm. The growth dynamic curve of plant height of Amygdalus ledebouriana Schleche showed a trend of " slow- fast- slow",while the growth dynamic of ground diameter exhibited as " uniform growth". As for the cumulative growth,Tacheng population was the least in plant height,but the largest in ground diameter; Burjin population was the maximum in height plant,and Habahe population was the minimum in ground diameter. As for the fruit kernel,Tuoli population was the longest in the length,Habahe population was the shortest and the minimum in the weight of hundred seeds,Tacheng population was the largest in the width and thickness,and Burjin population was the minimum in the width and thickness. As for the growth period,all the five populations were around 150 d,but Habahe population was the shortest,and Tacheng population was the longest; Besides,the display- petal and fruit set period of Tacheng population were the earliest,while Habahe population was the latest.【Conclusion】Tacheng population performs well in a
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