籽瓜捡拾脱籽联合作业机优化设计与试验  

Optimization and Test of Melon Stalks Removing Device on Seed-using Melon Picking and Deseeding Machine

作　　者：石鑫[1] 牛长河[1] 乔园园[1] 辛岩[2] 苏鲁坦.巴达克 王学农[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆塔城地区农机推广站,新疆塔城834700

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第7期1310-1318,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化项目"打瓜生产联合收获机械化技术的中试与示范"(2012GB2G400502);新疆农业科学院优秀青年科技人才基金项目"籽瓜破碎;取籽机理及关键技术的研究"(xjnkq-2013014)~~

摘　　要：【目的】通过设计、试验、优化,为籽瓜捡拾脱籽联合作业机提供适用、配套的去瓜秧装置,便于籽瓜机械化收获。【方法】选用成熟度较高的打瓜为试验材料,以籽瓜捡拾脱籽联合作业机为研究对象,优化设计旋转橡胶条式去瓜秧装置,并对该装置进行正交试验,确定最优参数组合,将最优参数组合带入打瓜实际收获作业中进行验证。【结果】捡拾辊行走速度为1.7 km/h,旋转轴转速为90 r/min,旋转轴旋向与捡拾辊前进方向相同时,瓜秧杂草量、籽瓜捡拾率和作业效率明显比其他参数组合下的作业效果好,收获打瓜时平均瓜秧杂草含量为0.576 kg/667m^2,平均捡拾率96.16%,平均工作效率为0.407 hm^2/h(6.11亩/h)。【结论】旋转橡胶条式去瓜秧装置,更有利于瓜秧和杂草的祛除,同时捡拾率和工作效率也达到了设计要求。【Objective】To provide applicable and matching melon stalks removing device for seed- using melon picking and deseeding machine through design,test and optimization to simplify the mechanized harvesting of seed- using melon.【Method】Taking seed- using melon picking and deseeding machine as research subject,through analyzing the existing problems in harvest and structure of equipment,to optimize and design the rotating rubber type melon stalks removing device and do orthogonal test on it,and through the orthogonal test,the project team found out the best combined parameters and verified these parameters through actual operation of harvest on seed- using melon.【Result】The result of experimental data indicates that under the condition of walking speed of melon pick- up roller is 1.7 km/h,speed of rotation axis is 90 r/min and swirl of rotation axis is same with direction of melon pick- up roller,the content of weeds and melon stalk,the picking up rate and the operation efficiency is better than other parameter combination. When picking seed- using melon the average content of weeds and melon stalk was 0. 576 kg/667 m^2,the average picking rate was 96.16%,the operation efficiency was 0.407 hm^2/h（6.11 mu/h）. 【Conclusion】Through a comprehensive analysis,we found that the rotating rubber type melon stalks removing device had better performance in melon stalk and weed removing and the picking up rate and operation efficiency both met the design requirement.

关 键 词：籽瓜 去瓜秧 优化 设计 

分 类 号：S225[农业科学—农业机械化工程]