液氮汽蚀实验中低温热电偶的标定及误差分析  

Calibration and error analysis of cryogenic thermocouple used in liquid nitrogen cavitation experiment

作　　者：谢黄骏 朱佳凯[1,2] 徐璐[1,2] 陈建业[1,2] 张小斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学制冷与低温研究所,杭州310027 [2]浙江省制冷与低温技术重点实验室,杭州310027

出　　处：《低温工程》2016年第4期16-20,68,共6页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51276157);浙江省杰出青年基金(No.R15E060001)

摘　　要：提出并验证了一种方便、快捷的获得77—90 K之间稳定温度点的方法,并基于该方法对应用于液氮汽蚀实验中温度测量的热电偶进行了标定。对标定后热电偶的测温结果进行了详细的不确定度分析,该分析方法旨在结合标定与使用时的各种条件对测量结果的影响,得出应用该热电偶进行每一次测温时所得结果的综合不确定度。分析结果表明,该方法标定所得的热电偶具有良好的测温精度,满足液氮汽蚀实验的测温需求;Keithley2700在测量热电势时的量程误差分量是对标定热电偶测温精度影响最大的部分。A convenient and efficient method to obtain the stable temperature points between 77-90 K was proposed and verified. A thermocouple used in liquid nitrogen cavitation experiment for temperature measurement was calibrated based on this method. Detailed uncertainty analysis, which aims to combine the influence of various conditions on the measurement results and obtains the overall uncertainty of measurement result,was applied in the temperature measurement result of that calibrated thermocouple. Analysis result shows that the thermocouple calibrated by that method has a good temperature measurement precision, and meets the requirement of temperature measurement in liquid nitrogen cavitation experiment. The uncertainty of full scale range of Keithley 2700 in thermo-emf measurement accounts for the largest proportion of the overall uncertainty.

关 键 词：低温 热电偶 标定 不确定度分析 液氮 

分 类 号：TB663[一般工业技术—制冷工程]