旱稻吸收砷镉的基因型差异研究  

Genotypic variation of arsenic and cadmium uptake by upland rice

作　　者：谈宇荣 徐晓燕[1] 丁永祯[2] 郑向群[2] 戴礼洪[2] 冯人伟[2] 师荣光[2] 周莉[2] 陈昢圳[2] 杨波[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384 [2]农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2016年第8期1436-1443,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101306;41471274);中国农科院科技创新工程;农业部生态环境保护项目

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,比较了29种不同基因型旱稻对As、Cd的吸收与转运。研究结果表明:不同基因型旱稻在生物量和As、Cd吸收上均表现出显著差异,单株平均生物量和变异系数分别为23.57 g和15.8%。茎叶、颖壳和糙米As含量分别为1.022、0.177、0.050 mg·kg^(-1),变异系数分别为25.1%、54.3%和39.7%;Cd含量分别为0.811、0.230、0.116 mg·kg^(-1),变异系数分别为58.2%、38.9%和58.0%。旱稻不同器官对As、Cd累积的大小顺序均为糙米<颖壳<茎叶,Cd、As在三器官间的比值分别为1∶1.9∶6.7和1∶3.5∶20.4,说明不同器官间Cd转移系数高于As。相关性分析表明,茎叶与颖壳、茎叶与糙米、颖壳与糙米之间的相关系数:Cd分别为0.466(P<0.05)、0.658(P<0.01)和0.758(P<0.01),As分别为0.437(P<0.05)、0.290和0.611(P<0.01)。旱稻对Cd的吸收与转运能力以及其基因型差异均较As大。29份不同基因型旱稻糙米As含量均达标(NY 5115—2002,0.5 mg·kg^(-1)),82.8%的旱稻Cd达标(GB 2762—2012,0.2 mg·kg^(-1)),糙米As、Cd含量均低于二分之一标准的基因型占37.9%,包括V2、V3、V6、V11、V12、V13、V15、V16、V19、V20和V25,表明通过筛选Cd、As低吸收的旱稻进行非淹水种植可保障稻米安全生产。Arsenic （As） and cadmium（Cd） pollution is one of the major environmental problems in rice plantation in China. In this study, pot experiments were used to study As and Cd absorption and translocation in 29 different genotypic upland rice cuhivars. The results showed that there are remarkable difference in the biomass and As and Cd uptake among upland rice cuhivars. The average biomass per plant and the variation coefficients were 23.57 g and 15.8%, respectively. In shoot, husk and grain（brown rice ）, As element concentration were 1.022, 0.177 mg·kg^-1 and 0.050 mg·kg^-1 and the variation coefficients were 25.1%, 54.3% and 39.7%, respectively; Cd element concentration were 0.811, 0.230 mg·kg^-1 and 0.116 mg. kg-1 and the variation coefficients were 58.2%, 38.9% and 58.0%, respectively. The concentration of As and Cd in plant tissues showed characterisitics as follows：grain〈husk〈straw, and the Cd and As element content ratios in this three tissues were 1：1.9：6.7 and 1：3.5：20.4, respectively. The correlation coefficients of Cd concentration among different tissues were higher than that of As. Correlation analysis showed that, the correlation coefficients of Cd between straw and husk, straw and grain, husk and grain were 0.466（P〈0.05 ）, 0.658（P〈0.01 ） and 0.758（P〈0.01 ）, and that of As were 0.437（P〈0.05 ）, 0.290 and 0.611 （P〈0.01）, respectively. The mi- gration capability of Cd among different tissues were stronger than that of As, and the genotypes differences with capability to absorb and transport Cd were bigger than As. As element contents in the grain of all cultivars were less than the standard for food security （NY 5115-- 2002, 0.5 mg·kg^-1）, and 82.8% of all cultivm contained the Cd contents in the grain less than the standards（GB 2762--2012, 0.2 mg·kg^-1）,and 37.9% of all cultivars contained both Cd and As contents in the grain less than half of the standards, including V2, V3, V6, VI 1, V12, V13, V15, V16, V19, V20 and V25. This study show

关 键 词：旱稻 砷 镉 基因型 筛选 

分 类 号：S511.6[农业科学—作物学]